From 27e85f520b867adf84cc8af945e510f1b5e38a1f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ben Walker Date: Wed, 22 Jun 2022 14:35:57 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] accel_perf: Add compress and decompress support Compression and decompression both start with an uncompressed file, provided using the new -l command line option. The file is then compressed in chunks according to the specified block size. Each operation works on one chunk. Change-Id: Ia7d3853627d938f73e6aa3ee09fccd11d9bca706 Signed-off-by: Ben Walker Signed-off-by: Paul Luse Reviewed-on: https://review.spdk.io/gerrit/c/spdk/spdk/+/14681 Tested-by: SPDK CI Jenkins Reviewed-by: Aleksey Marchuk Reviewed-by: Jim Harris --- examples/accel/perf/accel_perf.c | 346 +- test/accel/accel.sh | 10 + test/accel/bib | 6280 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 6630 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) create mode 100644 test/accel/bib diff --git a/examples/accel/perf/accel_perf.c b/examples/accel/perf/accel_perf.c index 82370f901..e8b3009fd 100644 --- a/examples/accel/perf/accel_perf.c +++ b/examples/accel/perf/accel_perf.c @@ -36,9 +36,26 @@ static const char *g_workload_type = NULL; static enum accel_opcode g_workload_selection; static struct worker_thread *g_workers = NULL; static int g_num_workers = 0; +static char *g_cd_file_in_name = NULL; static pthread_mutex_t g_workers_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; static struct spdk_app_opts g_opts = {}; +struct ap_compress_seg { + void *uncompressed_data; + uint32_t uncompressed_len; + struct iovec *uncompressed_iovs; + uint32_t uncompressed_iovcnt; + + void *compressed_data; + uint32_t compressed_len; + struct iovec *compressed_iovs; + uint32_t compressed_iovcnt; + + STAILQ_ENTRY(ap_compress_seg) link; +}; + +static STAILQ_HEAD(, ap_compress_seg) g_compress_segs = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(g_compress_segs); + struct worker_thread; static void accel_done(void *ref, int status); @@ -56,6 +73,8 @@ struct ap_task { void *dst; void *dst2; uint32_t crc_dst; + uint32_t compressed_sz; + struct ap_compress_seg *cur_seg; struct worker_thread *worker; int expected_status; /* used for the compare operation */ TAILQ_ENTRY(ap_task) link; @@ -109,6 +128,9 @@ dump_user_config(void) } printf("vector count %u\n", g_chained_count); printf("Module: %s\n", module_name); + if (g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_COMPRESS || g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_DECOMPRESS) { + printf("File Name: %s\n", g_cd_file_in_name); + } printf("Queue depth: %u\n", g_queue_depth); printf("Allocate depth: %u\n", g_allocate_depth); printf("# threads/core: %u\n", g_threads_per_core); @@ -125,9 +147,10 @@ usage(void) printf("\t[-C for supported workloads, use this value to configure the io vector size to test (default 1)\n"); printf("\t[-T number of threads per core\n"); printf("\t[-n number of channels]\n"); - printf("\t[-o transfer size in bytes]\n"); + printf("\t[-o transfer size in bytes (default: 4KiB. For compress/decompress, 0 means the input file size)]\n"); printf("\t[-t time in seconds]\n"); - printf("\t[-w workload type must be one of these: copy, fill, crc32c, copy_crc32c, compare, dualcast\n"); + printf("\t[-w workload type must be one of these: copy, fill, crc32c, copy_crc32c, compare, compress, decompress, dualcast\n"); + printf("\t[-l for compress/decompress workloads, name of uncompressed input file\n"); printf("\t[-s for crc32c workload, use this seed value (default 0)\n"); printf("\t[-P for compare workload, percentage of operations that should miscompare (percent, default 0)\n"); printf("\t[-f for fill workload, use this BYTE value (default 255)\n"); @@ -169,6 +192,9 @@ parse_args(int argc, char *argv) case 'C': g_chained_count = argval; break; + case 'l': + g_cd_file_in_name = optarg; + break; case 'f': g_fill_pattern = (uint8_t)argval; break; @@ -207,6 +233,10 @@ parse_args(int argc, char *argv) g_workload_selection = ACCEL_OPC_COMPARE; } else if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "dualcast")) { g_workload_selection = ACCEL_OPC_DUALCAST; + } else if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "compress")) { + g_workload_selection = ACCEL_OPC_COMPRESS; + } else if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "decompress")) { + g_workload_selection = ACCEL_OPC_DECOMPRESS; } else { usage(); return 1; @@ -239,6 +269,29 @@ unregister_worker(void *arg1) pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_workers_lock); } +static void +accel_perf_construct_iovs(void *buf, uint64_t sz, struct iovec *iovs, uint32_t iovcnt) +{ + uint64_t ele_size; + uint8_t *data; + uint32_t i; + + ele_size = spdk_divide_round_up(sz, iovcnt); + + data = buf; + for (i = 0; i < iovcnt; i++) { + ele_size = spdk_min(ele_size, sz); + assert(ele_size > 0); + + iovs[i].iov_base = data; + iovs[i].iov_len = ele_size; + + data += ele_size; + sz -= ele_size; + } + assert(sz == 0); +} + static int _get_task_data_bufs(struct ap_task *task) { @@ -253,7 +306,11 @@ _get_task_data_bufs(struct ap_task *task) align = ALIGN_4K; } - if (g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_CRC32C || g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_COPY_CRC32C) { + if (g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_COMPRESS || + g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_DECOMPRESS) { + task->cur_seg = STAILQ_FIRST(&g_compress_segs); + } else if (g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_CRC32C || + g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_COPY_CRC32C) { assert(g_chained_count > 0); task->src_iovcnt = g_chained_count; task->src_iovs = calloc(task->src_iovcnt, sizeof(struct iovec)); @@ -303,6 +360,16 @@ _get_task_data_bufs(struct ap_task *task) } else { memset(task->dst, ~DATA_PATTERN, dst_buff_len); } + + if (g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_DECOMPRESS) { + task->dst_iovs = calloc(g_chained_count, sizeof(struct iovec)); + if (!task->dst_iovs) { + fprintf(stderr, "cannot allocate task->dst_iovs for task=%p\n", task); + return -ENOMEM; + } + task->dst_iovcnt = g_chained_count; + accel_perf_construct_iovs(task->dst, dst_buff_len, task->dst_iovs, task->dst_iovcnt); + } } /* For dualcast 2 buffers are needed for the operation. */ @@ -379,6 +446,18 @@ _submit_single(struct worker_thread *worker, struct ap_task *task) rc = spdk_accel_submit_dualcast(worker->ch, task->dst, task->dst2, task->src, g_xfer_size_bytes, flags, accel_done, task); break; + case ACCEL_OPC_COMPRESS: + task->src_iovs = task->cur_seg->uncompressed_iovs; + task->src_iovcnt = task->cur_seg->uncompressed_iovcnt; + rc = spdk_accel_submit_compress(worker->ch, task->dst, g_xfer_size_bytes, task->src_iovs, + task->src_iovcnt, &task->compressed_sz, flags, accel_done, task); + break; + case ACCEL_OPC_DECOMPRESS: + task->src_iovs = task->cur_seg->compressed_iovs; + task->src_iovcnt = task->cur_seg->compressed_iovcnt; + rc = spdk_accel_submit_decompress(worker->ch, task->dst_iovs, task->dst_iovcnt, task->src_iovs, + task->src_iovcnt, flags, accel_done, task); + break; default: assert(false); break; @@ -396,7 +475,10 @@ _free_task_buffers(struct ap_task *task) { uint32_t i; - if (g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_CRC32C || g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_COPY_CRC32C) { + if (g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_DECOMPRESS) { + free(task->dst_iovs); + } else if (g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_CRC32C || + g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_COPY_CRC32C) { if (task->src_iovs) { for (i = 0; i < task->src_iovcnt; i++) { if (task->src_iovs[i].iov_base) { @@ -493,12 +575,28 @@ accel_done(void *arg1, int status) break; case ACCEL_OPC_COMPARE: break; + case ACCEL_OPC_COMPRESS: + break; + case ACCEL_OPC_DECOMPRESS: + if (memcmp(task->dst, task->cur_seg->uncompressed_data, task->cur_seg->uncompressed_len)) { + SPDK_NOTICELOG("Data miscompare on decompression\n"); + worker->xfer_failed++; + } + break; default: assert(false); break; } } + if (worker->workload == ACCEL_OPC_COMPRESS || g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_DECOMPRESS) { + /* Advance the task to the next segment */ + task->cur_seg = STAILQ_NEXT(task->cur_seg, link); + if (task->cur_seg == NULL) { + task->cur_seg = STAILQ_FIRST(&g_compress_segs); + } + } + if (task->expected_status == -EILSEQ) { assert(status != 0); worker->injected_miscompares++; @@ -715,6 +813,239 @@ accel_perf_start(void *arg1) } } +static void +accel_perf_free_compress_segs(void) +{ + struct ap_compress_seg *seg, *tmp; + + STAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(seg, &g_compress_segs, link, tmp) { + free(seg->uncompressed_iovs); + free(seg->compressed_iovs); + spdk_dma_free(seg->compressed_data); + spdk_dma_free(seg->uncompressed_data); + STAILQ_REMOVE_HEAD(&g_compress_segs, link); + free(seg); + } +} + +struct accel_perf_prep_ctx { + FILE *file; + long remaining; + struct spdk_io_channel *ch; + struct ap_compress_seg *cur_seg; +}; + +static void accel_perf_prep_process_seg(struct accel_perf_prep_ctx *ctx); + +static void +accel_perf_prep_process_seg_cpl(void *ref, int status) +{ + struct accel_perf_prep_ctx *ctx = ref; + struct ap_compress_seg *seg; + + if (status != 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "error (%d) on initial compress completion\n", status); + spdk_dma_free(ctx->cur_seg->compressed_data); + spdk_dma_free(ctx->cur_seg->uncompressed_data); + free(ctx->cur_seg); + spdk_put_io_channel(ctx->ch); + fclose(ctx->file); + free(ctx); + spdk_app_stop(-status); + return; + } + + seg = ctx->cur_seg; + + if (g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_DECOMPRESS) { + seg->compressed_iovs = calloc(g_chained_count, sizeof(struct iovec)); + if (seg->compressed_iovs == NULL) { + fprintf(stderr, "unable to allocate iovec\n"); + spdk_dma_free(seg->compressed_data); + spdk_dma_free(seg->uncompressed_data); + free(seg); + spdk_put_io_channel(ctx->ch); + fclose(ctx->file); + free(ctx); + spdk_app_stop(-ENOMEM); + return; + } + seg->compressed_iovcnt = g_chained_count; + + accel_perf_construct_iovs(seg->compressed_data, seg->compressed_len, seg->compressed_iovs, + seg->compressed_iovcnt); + } + + STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&g_compress_segs, seg, link); + ctx->remaining -= seg->uncompressed_len; + + accel_perf_prep_process_seg(ctx); +} + +static void +accel_perf_prep_process_seg(struct accel_perf_prep_ctx *ctx) +{ + struct ap_compress_seg *seg; + int sz, sz_read; + void *ubuf, *cbuf; + struct iovec iov[1]; + int rc; + + if (ctx->remaining == 0) { + spdk_put_io_channel(ctx->ch); + fclose(ctx->file); + free(ctx); + accel_perf_start(NULL); + return; + } + + sz = spdk_min(ctx->remaining, g_xfer_size_bytes); + + ubuf = spdk_dma_zmalloc(sz, ALIGN_4K, NULL); + if (!ubuf) { + fprintf(stderr, "unable to allocate uncompress buffer\n"); + rc = -ENOMEM; + goto error; + } + + cbuf = spdk_dma_malloc(sz, ALIGN_4K, NULL); + if (!cbuf) { + fprintf(stderr, "unable to allocate compress buffer\n"); + rc = -ENOMEM; + spdk_dma_free(ubuf); + goto error; + } + + seg = calloc(1, sizeof(*seg)); + if (!seg) { + fprintf(stderr, "unable to allocate comp/decomp segment\n"); + spdk_dma_free(ubuf); + spdk_dma_free(cbuf); + rc = -ENOMEM; + goto error; + } + + sz_read = fread(ubuf, sizeof(uint8_t), sz, ctx->file); + if (sz_read != sz) { + fprintf(stderr, "unable to read input file\n"); + free(seg); + spdk_dma_free(ubuf); + spdk_dma_free(cbuf); + rc = -errno; + goto error; + } + + if (g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_COMPRESS) { + seg->uncompressed_iovs = calloc(g_chained_count, sizeof(struct iovec)); + if (seg->uncompressed_iovs == NULL) { + fprintf(stderr, "unable to allocate iovec\n"); + free(seg); + spdk_dma_free(ubuf); + spdk_dma_free(cbuf); + rc = -ENOMEM; + goto error; + } + seg->uncompressed_iovcnt = g_chained_count; + accel_perf_construct_iovs(ubuf, sz, seg->uncompressed_iovs, seg->uncompressed_iovcnt); + } + + seg->uncompressed_data = ubuf; + seg->uncompressed_len = sz; + seg->compressed_data = cbuf; + seg->compressed_len = sz; + + ctx->cur_seg = seg; + iov[0].iov_base = seg->uncompressed_data; + iov[0].iov_len = seg->uncompressed_len; + /* Note that anytime a call is made to spdk_accel_submit_compress() there's a chance + * it will fail with -ENOMEM in the event that the destination buffer is not large enough + * to hold the compressed data. This example app simply uses the same size as the input + * buffer which will work for example purposes but when using the API in your application + * be sure to allocate enough room in the destination buffer for cases where the data is + * no compressible, the addition of header information will cause it to be larger than the + * original input. + */ + rc = spdk_accel_submit_compress(ctx->ch, seg->compressed_data, seg->compressed_len, iov, 1, + &seg->compressed_len, 0, accel_perf_prep_process_seg_cpl, ctx); + if (rc < 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "error (%d) on initial compress submission\n", rc); + goto error; + } + + return; + +error: + spdk_put_io_channel(ctx->ch); + fclose(ctx->file); + free(ctx); + spdk_app_stop(rc); +} + +static void +accel_perf_prep(void *arg1) +{ + struct accel_perf_prep_ctx *ctx; + int rc = 0; + + if (g_workload_selection != ACCEL_OPC_COMPRESS && + g_workload_selection != ACCEL_OPC_DECOMPRESS) { + accel_perf_start(arg1); + return; + } + + if (g_cd_file_in_name == NULL) { + fprintf(stdout, "A filename is required.\n"); + rc = -EINVAL; + goto error_end; + } + + if (g_workload_selection == ACCEL_OPC_COMPRESS && g_verify) { + fprintf(stdout, "\nCompression does not support the verify option, aborting.\n"); + rc = -ENOTSUP; + goto error_end; + } + + printf("Preparing input file...\n"); + + ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(*ctx)); + if (ctx == NULL) { + rc = -ENOMEM; + goto error_end; + } + + ctx->file = fopen(g_cd_file_in_name, "r"); + if (ctx->file == NULL) { + fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file %s.\n", g_cd_file_in_name); + rc = -errno; + goto error_ctx; + } + + fseek(ctx->file, 0L, SEEK_END); + ctx->remaining = ftell(ctx->file); + fseek(ctx->file, 0L, SEEK_SET); + + ctx->ch = spdk_accel_get_io_channel(); + if (ctx->ch == NULL) { + rc = -EAGAIN; + goto error_file; + } + + if (g_xfer_size_bytes == 0) { + /* size of 0 means "file at a time" */ + g_xfer_size_bytes = ctx->remaining; + } + + accel_perf_prep_process_seg(ctx); + return; + +error_file: + fclose(ctx->file); +error_ctx: + free(ctx); +error_end: + spdk_app_stop(rc); +} + int main(int argc, char **argv) { @@ -724,7 +1055,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) spdk_app_opts_init(&g_opts, sizeof(g_opts)); g_opts.name = "accel_perf"; g_opts.reactor_mask = "0x1"; - if (spdk_app_parse_args(argc, argv, &g_opts, "a:C:o:q:t:yw:P:f:T:", NULL, parse_args, + if (spdk_app_parse_args(argc, argv, &g_opts, "a:C:o:q:t:yw:P:f:T:l:", NULL, parse_args, usage) != SPDK_APP_PARSE_ARGS_SUCCESS) { g_rc = -1; goto cleanup; @@ -735,6 +1066,8 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) (g_workload_selection != ACCEL_OPC_CRC32C) && (g_workload_selection != ACCEL_OPC_COPY_CRC32C) && (g_workload_selection != ACCEL_OPC_COMPARE) && + (g_workload_selection != ACCEL_OPC_COMPRESS) && + (g_workload_selection != ACCEL_OPC_DECOMPRESS) && (g_workload_selection != ACCEL_OPC_DUALCAST)) { usage(); g_rc = -1; @@ -759,7 +1092,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) goto cleanup; } - g_rc = spdk_app_start(&g_opts, accel_perf_start, NULL); + g_rc = spdk_app_start(&g_opts, accel_perf_prep, NULL); if (g_rc) { SPDK_ERRLOG("ERROR starting application\n"); } @@ -773,6 +1106,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) worker = tmp; } cleanup: + accel_perf_free_compress_segs(); spdk_app_fini(); return g_rc; } diff --git a/test/accel/accel.sh b/test/accel/accel.sh index 6595b79a8..ebfb89f2d 100755 --- a/test/accel/accel.sh +++ b/test/accel/accel.sh @@ -14,3 +14,13 @@ run_test "accel_copy_crc32c" $SPDK_EXAMPLE_DIR/accel_perf -t 1 -w copy_crc32c -y run_test "accel_copy_crc32c_C2" $SPDK_EXAMPLE_DIR/accel_perf -t 1 -w copy_crc32c -y -C 2 run_test "accel_dualcast" $SPDK_EXAMPLE_DIR/accel_perf -t 1 -w dualcast -y run_test "accel_compare" $SPDK_EXAMPLE_DIR/accel_perf -t 1 -w compare -y +# do not run compress/decompress unless ISAL is installed +if [[ $CONFIG_ISAL == y ]]; then + run_test "accel_comp" $SPDK_EXAMPLE_DIR/accel_perf -t 1 -w compress -l $testdir/bib + run_test "accel_decomp" $SPDK_EXAMPLE_DIR/accel_perf -t 1 -w decompress -l $testdir/bib -y + run_test "accel_decmop_full" $SPDK_EXAMPLE_DIR/accel_perf -t 1 -w decompress -l $testdir/bib -y -o 0 + run_test "accel_decomp_mcore" $SPDK_EXAMPLE_DIR/accel_perf -t 1 -w decompress -l $testdir/bib -y -m 0xf + run_test "accel_decomp_full_mcore" $SPDK_EXAMPLE_DIR/accel_perf -t 1 -w decompress -l $testdir/bib -y -o 0 -m 0xf + run_test "accel_decomp_mthread" $SPDK_EXAMPLE_DIR/accel_perf -t 1 -w decompress -l $testdir/bib -y -T 2 + run_test "accel_deomp_full_mthread" $SPDK_EXAMPLE_DIR/accel_perf -t 1 -w decompress -l $testdir/bib -y -o 0 -T 2 +fi diff --git a/test/accel/bib b/test/accel/bib new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5ffc47799 --- /dev/null +++ b/test/accel/bib @@ -0,0 +1,6280 @@ +%A Abdou, I.E. +%A Wong, K.Y. +%D 1982 +%T Analysis of linear interpolation schemes for bi-level image applications +%J IBM J Research and Development +%V 26 +%P 667-680 + +%A Abell, R. +%D 1981 +%T Implementation of a Telidon system using Unix file structures +%B The Telidon book +%E 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Man-Machine Studies Progress Report UC-DSE/24 +%P 5-28 +%I Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Canterbury +%C New Zealand + +%A Andreae, P.M. +%D 1984 +%T Constraint limited generalization: acquiring procedures from examples +%J Proc American Association on Artificial Intelligence +%C Austin, TX +%O August +%K * + +%A Andreae, P.M. +%D 1984 +%T Justified generalization: acquiring procedures from examples +%R PhD Thesis +%I Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT + +%A Andreae, P.M. +%D 1986 +%T Justified generalization +%J Proc International Conference on Future Advances in Computing +%C Christchurch, New Zealand +%O February 17-21 +%K * + +%A Andreka, H. +%A Nemeti, I. +%A Sain, I. +%D 1982 +%T A complete logic for reasoning about programs via nonstandard model theory I +%J Theoretical Computer Science +%V 17 +%P 193-212 +%K * + +%A Andreka, H. +%A Nemeti, I. +%A Sain, I. +%D 1982 +%T A complete logic for reasoning about programs via nonstandard model theory II +%J Theoretical Computer Science +%V 17 +%P 259-278 +%K * + +%A Andrew, A.M. +%D 1981 +%T Autopoiesis \(em allopoiesis interplay +%E M.Zeleny +%B Autopoiesis: a theory of living organization +%I North Holland +%C New York, NY +%P 157-166 + +%A Anon +%D 1972 +%T Holography and computer generated holograms +%I Mills and Boom +%C London, England +%K * + +%A ANSI +%D 1983 +%T Videotex/Teletext presentation level protocol syntax (Draft) +%I American National Standards Committee X3 -- Information Processing Systems, Technical Committee X3L2 -- Codes and character sets +%C New York, NY +%O June + +%A Anson, E. +%D 1982 +%T The device model of interaction +%J Computer Graphics +%V 16 +%N 2 +%P 107-114 +%O July +%K * + +%A Aoki, M. +%D 1965 +%T Optimal control of partially observable markovian systems +%J J Franklin Institute +%V 280 +%N 5 +%O November +%K * + +%A Ascher, R.N. +%A Nagy, G. +%D 1974 +%T A means for achieving a high degree of compaction on scan-digitized printed text +%J IEEE Trans Computers +%V C-23 +%N 11 +%P 1174-1179 +%O November +%K * + +%A Ash, W.L. +%D 1981 +%T MXEC: parallel processing with an advanced macro facility +%J Comm ACM +%V 24 +%N 8 +%P 502-509 +%K * + +%A Ashby, W.R. +%D 1960 +%T Design for a brain: the origin of adaptive behavior +%I Wiley +%C New York, NY +%O (second edition) + +%A Askwall, S. +%D 1985 +%T Computer supported reading vs reading text on paper: a comparison of two reading situations +%J IJMMS +%V 22 +%N 4 +%P 425-439 +%O April + +%A Atkinson, H.H. +%A Gargantini, I. +%A Ramanath, M.V.S. +%D 1984 +%T Determination of the 3D border by repeated elimination of internal surfaces +%J Computing +%V 32 +%P 279-295 +%K * + +%A Attardi, G. +%A Simi, M. +%D 1982 +%T Semantics of inheritance and attributions in the description system Omega +%R AI Memo 642 +%I MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory +%O January +%K * + +%A Axelrod, R. +%D 1984 +%T The evolution of cooperation +%I Basic Books +%C New York, NY + +%A Backer, D. +%A Gano, S. +%D 1982 +%T Dynamically alterable videodisk displays +%J Proc Graphics Interface 82 +%C Toronto, ON +%P 365- +%O May 17-21 + +%A Baecker, R. +%A Marcus, A. +%D 1983 +%T On enhancing the interface to the source code of computer programs +%J Proc ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 251-255 +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 +%K * + +%A Bailey, D. +%D 1985 +%T University of Salford Lisp/Prolog system +%J Software -- Practice and Experience +%V 15 +%N 6 +%P 595-609 +%O June +%K * + +%A Ball, G.H. +%A Hall, D.J. +%D 1965 +%T ISODATA, a novel method of data analysis and pattern classification +%R Report AD 699616 +%I Stanford Research Institute +%C Stanford, CA + +%A Bandyopadhyay, S. +%A Hughes, J.G. +%A Smith, F.J. +%A Sen, K. +%T A generalized scientific information system +%R Report +%I Computer Science Department, Queen's University of Belfast +%C Belfast, Northern Ireland +%K * + +%A Barber, G.R. +%D 1981 +%T Record of the workshop on research in office semantics +%R AI Memo 620 +%I MIT +%O February +%K * + +%A Barber, G.R. +%D 1982 +%T Office semantics +%R PhD Thesis +%I MIT +%O February + +%A Barber, G.R. +%D 1983 +%T Supporting organizational problem solving with a workstation +%J ACM Trans Office Information Systems +%V 1 +%N 1 +%P 45-67 +%O January +%K * + +%A Barber, G.R. +%A de\|Jong, P.S. +%A Hewitt, C. +%D 1983 +%T Semantic support for work in organizations +%R AI Memo 719 +%I MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory +%O April +%K * + +%A Barnett, J.A. +%D 1981 +%T Computational methods for a mathematical theory of evidence +%J Proc 7th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 868-875 +%C Vancouver, BC +%O August + +%A Barrow, H.G. +%D 1979 +%T Artificial intelligence: state of the art +%R Technical Note 198 +%I SRI International +%C Menlo Park, CA +%O October + +%A Barsky, B.A. +%A Beatty, J.C. +%D 1982 +%T Varying the betas in beta-splines +%R Report CS-82-49 +%I University of Waterloo +%O December +%K * + +%A Barwise, J. +%A Perry, J. +%D 1983 +%T Situations and attitudes +%I MIT Press +%C Cambridge, MA + +%A Barwise, J. +%D 1985 +%T The situation in logic II: conditionals and conditional information +%R Report CSLI-85-21 +%I Center for the study of language and information, Stanford University +%C Stanford, CA +%O January +%K * + +%A Bates, E. +%D 1979 +%T The emergence of symbols +%I Academic Press + +%A Beer, S. +%D 1980 +%R Preface to \fIAutopoiesis and cognition\fR (Maturana and Varela, 1980) + +%A Bell, T.C. +%D 1985 +%T Better OPM/L text compression +%R Internal Report +%I Computer Science Department, University of Canterbury +%C Christchurch, New Zealand +%K * + +%A Bell, T.C. +%A Moffat, A.M. +%D 1986 +%T A note on the DMC data compression scheme +%R Internal Report +%I Computer Science Department, University of Canterbury +%C Christchurch, New Zealand + +%A Bell, T.C. +%D 1986 +%T An introduction to text compression +%R Internal Report +%I Computer Science Department, University of Canterbury +%C Christchurch, New Zealand + +%A Bellanger, M.G. +%A Daguet, J.L. +%A Lepagnol, G.P. +%D 1974 +%T Interpolation, extrapolation, and reduction of computation speed in digital filters +%J IEEE Trans Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing +%V ASSP-22 +%N 4 +%P 231-235 +%O August +%K * + +%A Benest, I.D. +%A Jones, G. +%D 1982 +%T Computer emulation of books +%J Proc IEE Conference Man-Machine Systems +%P 267-271 +%C Manchester, England +%O July + +%A Benest, I.D. +%A Potok, M.H.N. +%D 1984 +%T Wayfinding: an approach using signposting techniques +%J Behaviour and Information Technology +%V 3 +%N 2 +%P 99-107 +%K * + +%A Bentley, J.L. +%A Friedman, J.H. +%D 1979 +%T Data structures for range searching +%J Computing Surveys +%V 11 +%N 4 +%P 397-409 +%O December +%K * + +%A Bentley, J.L. +%D 1980 +%T Multidimensional divide-and-conquer +%J Comm ACM +%V 23 +%N 4 +%P 214-229 +%K * + +%A Bentley, J.L. +%A Sleator, D.D. +%A Tarjan, R.E. +%A Wei, V.K. +%D 1986 +%T A locally adaptive data compression scheme +%J Comm ACM +%V 29 +%N 4 +%P 320-330 +%O April + +%A Berglund, E.J. +%A Cheriton, D.R. +%T Amaze -- A distributed multi-player game program using the Distributed V Kernel +%K * + +%A Bewley, W.L. +%A Roberts, T.L. +%A Schroit, D. +%A Verplank, W.L. +%D 1983 +%T Human factors testing in the design of Xerox's 8010 `Star' office workstation +%J Proc ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 72-77 +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 +%K * + +%A Bezdek, J.C. +%D 1980 +%T A convergence theorem for the fuzzy ISODATA clustering algorithms +%J IEEE Trans Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence +%V PAMI-2 +%N 1 +%P 1-8 +%O January +%K * + +%A Bibel, W. +%D 1983 +%T Matings in matrices +%J Comm ACM +%V 26 +%N 11 +%P 844-852 +%O November +%K * + +%A Biederman, I. +%D 1985 +%T Human image understanding: recent research and a theory +%J Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing +%V 32 +%N 1 +%P 29-73 +%O October. + +%A Bigelow, C. +%A Day, D. +%D 1983 +%T Digital typography +%J Scientific American +%V 249 +%N 2 +%P 106-119 +%O August +%K * + +%A Bigelow, C. +%D 1984 +%T Principles of font design for the personal workstation +%R Research Report +%I Stanford University +%K * + +%A Bigelow, C. +%D 1986 +%T Notes on typeface protection +%K * + +%A Birkhoff, G. +%D 1967 +%T Lattice theory +%I American Mathematical Society +%C Providence, RI + +%A Birrell, A.D. +%A Levin, R. +%A Needham R.M. +%A Schroeder, M.D. +%D 1982 +%T Grapevine: an exercise in distributed computing +%J Comm ACM +%V 25 +%N 4 +%P 260-274 +%O April +%K * + +%A Birtwistle, G.M. +%A Dahl, O.J. +%A Myhrhaug, B. +%A Nygaard, K. +%D 1973 +%T Simula Begin +%I Auerbach +%C Philadelphia, PA + +%A Birtwistle, G. +%A Cleary, J.G. +%A Joyce, J. +%A Liblong, B. +%A Unger, B.W. +%A Witten, I.H. +%A Wyvill, B.L.M. +%D 1984 +%T A simulation environment +%J Proc Canadian Information Processing Society Conference +%C Calgary, AL +%P 290-296 +%O May +%K KConference + +%A Blakeslee, T.R. +%D 1980 +%T The right brain +%I MacMillan +%C London, England + +%A Bobrow, D.G. +%D 1985 +%T If Prolog is the answer, what is the question? or What it takes to support AI programming paradigms +%J IEEE Trans Software Engineering +%V SE-11 +%N 11 +%P 1401-1408 +%O November +%K * + +%A Boehm-Davis, D.A. +%A Fregly, A.M. +%D 1983 +%T Documentation of concurrent programs +%J Proc ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 256-261 +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 +%K * + +%A Bonham, M. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1984 +%T Towards distributed document preparation with interactive and noninteractive viewing +%J Proc Canadian Information Processing Society Conference +%C Calgary, AL +%P 365-372 +%O May +%K KConference + +%A Bonham, M. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1985 +%T Towards distributed document preparation with interactive and noninteractive viewing +%J Infor +%V 23 +%N 4 +%P 365-388 +%O November +%K KJournal + +%A Bonham, M. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1985 +%T More on `A large font virtual terminal interface: a software prosthesis for the visually impaired' +%J Comm ACM +%V 28 +%N 11 +%P 1236-1237 +%O November +%K KCorrespondence + +%A Bonham, M. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1985 +%T Shape \(em a unifying concept in document layout +%J Proc PROTEXT II -- Second International Conference on Text Processing Systems +%I Boole Press +%C Dublin, Ireland +%P 126-132 +%O October +%K KConference + +%A Bonner, S. +%A Shin, K. +%D 1982 +%T A comparative study of robot languages +%J IEEE Computer +%V 15 +%N 12 +%P 82-96 + +%A Boose, J.H. +%D 1986 +%T Rapid acquisition and combination of knowledge from multiple experts in the same domain +%J Proc International Conference on Future Advances in Computing +%C Christchurch, New Zealand +%O February 17-21 +%K * + +%A Booth, T.L. +%D 1984 +%T Computer education +%J IEEE Computer +%V 17 +%N 10 +%P 57-68 +%O October +%K * + +%A Borning, A. +%D 1981 +%T The programming language aspects of ThingLab, a constraint-oriented simulation laboratory +%J ACM Trans Programming Languages and Systems +%V 3 +%N 4 +%P 353-387 +%O October +%K * + +%A Bouachache, B. +%D 1983 +%T Wigner analysis of time-varying signals +%B Signal processing II: Theories and applications +%E H.W.Schussler +%I Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. (North Holland) +%P 703-706 +%K * + +%A Bouachache, B. +%A Rodriguez, F. +%D 1984 +%T Recognition of time-varying signals in the time-frequency domain by means of the Wigner distribution +%J Proc International Circuits and Systems Symposium +%K * + +%A Bouachache, B. +%A Whitehouse, H.J. +%D 1985 +%T Seismic applications of the Wigner-Ville distribution +%J Proc International Circuits and Systems Symposium +%C San Jose, CA +%O May 5 +%K * + +%A Boulton, P.I.P. +%A Lee, E.S. +%D 1983 +%T The performance of Hubnet +%J Proc International Electrical, Electronics Conference +%V 2 +%P 450-453 +%C Toronto, ON +%O September 26-28 +%K * + +%A Bower, G.H. +%A Black, J.B. +%D 1979 +%T Scripts in memory for text +%J Cognitive Psychology +%V 11 +%P 177-220 +%K * + +%A Brachman, R.J. +%D 1983 +%T What IS-A is and isn't: an analysis of taxonomic links in semantic networks +%J IEEE Computer +%V 16 +%N 10 +%P 30-36 +%O October +%K * + +%A Brachman, R.J. +%A Schmolze, J.G. +%D 1985 +%T An overview of the KL-ONE knowledge representation scheme +%J Cognitive Science +%V 9 +%N ii +%P 171-216 +%K * + +%A Bramer, M.A.\0(Editor) +%D 1985 +%T Research and development in expert systems +%I Cambridge University Press +%C Cambridge, England +%O (Proc 4th Conference of BCS Group on Expert Systems, December 1984) + +%A Bramwell, B. +%D 1984 +%T Browsing around a manual +%J Proc Canadian Information Processing Society Conference +%C Calgary, AL +%P 438-442 +%O May +%K * + +%A Britton, B.K. +%A Black, J.B.\0(Editors) +%D 1985 +%T Understanding expository text: a theoretical and practical handbook for analyzing explanatory text +%I Erlbaum +%C Hillsdale, NJ + +%A Brown, K.Q. +%D 1979 +%T Voroni diagrams from convex hulls +%J Information Processing Letters +%V 9 +%N 5 +%P 223-228 +%O December +%K * + +%A Brown, P.J. +%D 1984 +%T Interactive documentation +%R Internal Report +%I Computing Laboratory, University of Kent +%O April +%K * + +%A Brown, J.S. +%A Burton, R.R. +%D 1975 +%T Multiple representations of knowledge for tutorial reasoning +%B Representation of Learning +%E D.G. Bobrow and A. Collins +%I Academic Press +%C New York, NY + +%A Brownston, L. +%A Farrell, R. +%A Kant, E. +%A Martin, N. +%D 1985 +%T Programming expert systems in OPS-5: an introduction to rule-based programming +%I Addison-Wesley +%C Reading, MA + +%A Brunner, J. +%D 1975 +%T The shockwave rider +%I Ballantine +%C New York, NY + +%A Bruynooghs, M. +%D 1982 +%T Adding redundancy to obtain more reliable and more readable Prolog programs +%J Proc 1st International Logic Programming Conference +%C Marseille, France +%P 129-133 +%O September 14-17 +%K * + +%A Bryant, J. +%D 1979 +%T On the clustering of multidimensional pictorial data +%J Pattern Recognition +%V 11 +%P 115-125 +%K * + +%A Buchman, C. +%A Berry, D.M. +%T An adaptation of the Unix DITROFF for formatting bidirectional text +%I Computer Science Department, University of California +%C Los Angeles, CA +%K * + +%A Bundy, A. +%A Silver, B. +%A Plummer, D. +%D 1985 +%T An analytical comparison of some rule-learning programs +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 27 +%P 137-181 + +%A Bundy, A. +%D 1983 +%T The computer modelling of mathematical reasoning +%A Academic Press +%C London, England + +%A Burton, R.R. +%A Brown, J.S. +%D 1979 +%T An investigation of computer coaching for informal learning activities +%J IJMMS +%V 11 +%N 1 +%P 5-24 +%O January + +%A Bush, V. +%D 1945 +%T As we may think +%J Atlantic Monthly +%P 101 +%O July + +%A Byrd, R.J. +%A Smith, S.E. +%A de\|Jong, S.P. +%D 1982 +%T An actor-based programming system +%J Proc SIGOA Conference on Office Information Systems +%P 67-78 +%C Philadelphia, PA +%O June 21-23 +%K * + +%A Campbell, F.W. +%A Robson, J.G. +%D 1967 +%T Application of fourier analysis to the visibility of gratings +%J Physiol +%N 197 +%P 551-566 +%I University of Cambridge +%K * + +%A Cannon, W.B. +%D 1932 +%T The wisdom of the body +%I London + +%A Carroll, J.B. +%D 1967 +%T On sampling from a lognormal model of word-frequency distribution +%B Computational analysis of present-day American English +%E Kucera, H. and Francis, W.N. +%I Brown University Press +%C Providence, RI +%P 406-424 +%K * + +%A Carroll, J.B. +%D 1966 +%T Word-frequency studies and the lognormal distribution +%E E.M.Zale +%B Proc Conference on Language and Language Behavior +%I Appleton-Century-Crofts +%C New York, NY +%P 213-235 +%K * + +%A Carroll, J.M. +%A Thomas, J.C. +%D 1982 +%T Metaphor and the cognitive representation of computing systems +%J IEEE Trans Systems, Man and Cybernetics +%V SMC-12 +%N 2 +%P 107-116 +%O March/April +%K * + +%A Carter, K.A. +%D 1984 +%T The Rainbow workstation in brief/A window manager for the Rainbow workstation +%R Rainbow Group Note +%I Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge +%O May +%K * + +%A Casey, R.G. +%A Friedman, T.D. +%A Wong, K.Y. +%D 1982 +%T Automatic scaling of digital fonts +%J IBM J Research and Development +%V 26 +%P 657-666 + +%A Casey, R.G. +%A Nagy, G. +%D 1984 +%T Decision tree design using a probabilistic model +TJ IEEE Trans Information Theory +%V IT-30 +%N 1 +%P 93-99 +%O January +%K * + +%A Cater, J.P. +%D 1983 +%T Electronically speaking: computer speech generation +%I Howard W. Sams +%C Indianapolis, IN + +%A Catmull, E. +%D 1981 +%T New frontiers in computer animation +%J American Cinematographer +%P 157-163 +%O October + +%A Cendrowska, J. +%A Bramer, M.A. +%D 1984 +%T A rational reconstruction of the Mycin consultation system +%J IJMMS +%V 20 +%P 229-317 + +%A Chapanis, A. +%D 1984 +%T Taming and civilizing computers +%B Computer culture: the scientific, intellectual, and social impact of the computer +%E Heinz R. Pagels +%I New York Academy of Sciences +%C New York, NY +%P 202-219 +%K * + +%A Chazelle, B. +%D 1983 +%T A decision procedure for optimal polyhedron partitioning +%J Information Processing Letters +%V 16 +%P 75-78 +%O February 26 +%K * + +%A Cheeseman, P. +%D 1985 +%T In defense of probability +%J Proc 10th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 100R2-1009 + +%A Cheriton, D.R. +%A Zwaenepoel, W. +%D 1983 +%T The distributed V kernel and its performance for diskless workstations +%R Report No STAN-CS-83-973 +%I Stanford University, Computer Science Department +%C Stanford, CA +%O July +%K * + +%A Christodoulakis, S +%A Faloutsos, C. +%D 1984 +%T Design considerations for a message file server +%J IEEE Trans Software Engineering +%V SE-10 +%N 2 +%P 201-210 +%O March +%K * + +%A Ciminiere, L. +%A Valenzano, A. +%D 1984 +%T iAPX 432 hardware fault handling mechanisms +%K * + +%A Clancey, W.J. +%D 1979 +%T Tutoring rules for guiding a case method dialogue +%J IJMMS +%V 11 +%P 25-49 +%K * + +%A Clancey, W.J. +%D 1983 +%T The epistemology of a rule-based expert system \(em a framework for explanation +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 20 +%P 215-251 +%K * + +%A Clancey, W.J. +%A Shortliffe, E.H. \0(Editors) +%D 1984 +%T Readings in medical artificial intelligence +%I Addison-Wesley +%C Reading, MA + +%A Clarkson, T. +%T Eye position sensor +%R Section 7 of a report +%I King's College +%C London, England +%K * + +%A Cleary, J.G. +%D 1979 +%T Analysis of an algorithm for finding nearest neighbors in Euclidean space +%J ACM Trans Mathematical Software +%V 5 +%N 2 +%P 183-192 +%O June +%K * + +%A Cleary, J.G. +%D 1984 +%T Compact hash tables using bidirectional linear probing +%J IEEE Trans Computers +%V C-33 +%N 9 +%P 828-834 +%O September + +%A Cleary, J.G. +%A Darragh, J.J. +%D 1984 +%T A fast compact representation of trees using hash tables +%R Research Report 83/162/20 +%I Computer Science Department, University of Calgary +%O Submitted to \fIIEEE Trans Computers\fP + +%A Cleary, J.G. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D in preparation +%T Universal data compression + +%A Clocksin, W.A. +%D 1984 +%T Introduction to Prolog +%B Artificial Intelligence: tools, techniques, and applications +%E T.O'Shea and M.Eisenstadt +%I Harper and Row +%C New York, NY + +%A Codd, E.F. +%D 1968 +%T Cellular automata +%I Academic Press +%C London, England + +%A Codd, E.F. +%D 1978 +%T How about recently? +%B Databases: Improving usability and responsiveness +%E B. Shneiderman (Ed.) +%I Academic Press +%C New York, NY +%P 3-28 + +%A Cohen, E.S. +%A Smith, E.T. +%A Iverson, L.A. +%D 1985 +%T Constraint-based tiled windows +%R Research Report +%I Computer Science Department, Carnegie-Mellon University + +%A Cohen, J. +%D 1985 +%T Describing Prolog by its interpretation and compilation +%J Comm ACM +%V 28 +%N 12 +%P 1311-1324 +%O December +%K * + +%A Colby, K.M. +%D 1973 +%T Simulations of belief systems +%E R.C.Schank and K.M.Colby +%B Computer models of thought and language +%I Freeman +%C San Francisco, CA +%P 251-286 + +%A Colmaurer, A. +%A Colmaurer, C. +%D 1983 +%T Prolog en 10 figures +%J TSI +%V 2 +%N 4 +%O July-August +%K * + +%A Colmerauer, A. +%D 1985 +%T Prolog in 10 figures +%J Comm ACM +%V 28 +%N 12 +%P 1296-1310 +%O December +%K * + +%A Colmaurer, A. +%T An interesting subset of natural language +%K * + +%A Comer, D.E. +%A Peterson, L.L. +%T Conversation-based mail +%J ACM Transactions on computer systems +%V 4 +%N 4 +%O November +%K * + +%A Computer\|Science\|Department +%D 1983 +%T CPSC Student Handbook +%I University of Calgary + +%A Coombs, M. +%A Alty, J. +%D 1984 +%T Expert systems: an alternative paradigm +%J IJMMS +%V 20 +%N 1 +%P 21-43 +%O January +%K * + +%A Corbett, C. +%D 1983 +%T MC nroff/troff macros reference manual +%R Report EES-MMS-1983-2 +%I Department of Electrical Engineering Science, University of Essex +%C Colchester, Essex, UK +%K * + +%A Corbett, C. +%D 1983 +%T Figure processing within nroff +%J Presented at EUUG Meeting +%C Dublin, Ireland +%O September +%K * + +%A Cormack, G.V. +%A Horspool, R.N. +%D 1984 +%T Algorithms for adaptive Huffman codes +%J Information Processing Letters +%V 18 +%N 3 +%P 159-166 +%O March +%K * + +%A Cormack, G.V. +%A Horspool, R.N. +%D 1985 +%T Data compression using dynamic Markov modelling +%R Research Report +%I Computer Science Department, University of Waterloo +%O April; submitted to Comm ACM +%K * + +%A Costigan, D.M. +%D 1978 +%T Electronic delivery of documents and graphics +%I Van Nostrand Reinhold +%C New York, NY + +%A Coulon, D. +%A Kayser, D. +%D 1979 +%T Construction of natural language sentence acceptors by a supervised-learning technique +%J IEEE Trans Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence +%V PAMI-1 +%N 1 +%P 94-99 +%O January +%K * + +%A Cove, J.F. +%A Walsh, B.C. +%D 1988 +%T A taxonomy of browsing +%R Working Paper 85/2 +%I Computer Science Department, University of Liverpool +%O April +%K * + +%A Cox, B.J. +%D 1986 +%T Object oriented programming +%I Addison-Wesley +%C Reading, MA + +%A Crochiere, R.E. +%A Rabiner, L.R. +%D 1975 +%T Optimum FIR digital filter implementations for decimation, interpolation, and narrow-band filtering +%J IEEE Trans Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing +%V ASSP-23 +%N 5 +%P 444-456 +%O October +%K * + +%A Crochiere, R.E. +%A Rabiner, L.R. +%D 1976 +%T Further considerations in the design of decimators and interpolators +%J IEEE Trans Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing +%V ASSP-24 +%N 4 +%P 296-311 +%O August +%K * + +%A Croft, W.B. +%A Lefkowitz, L.S. +%D 1984 +%T Task support in an office system +%J ACM Trans Office Information Systems +%V 2 +%N 3 +%P 197-212 +%O July +%K * + +%A Croft, W.B. +%D 1984 +%T The role of context and adaptation in user interfaces +%J IJMMS +%V 21 +%N 4 +%P 283-292 +%O October + +%A Csuri, C. +%D 1974 +%T Computer graphics and art +%J Proc IEEE +%O April + +%A Cuff, R.N. +%D 1982 +%T Database query using menus and natural language fragments +%R PhD Thesis +%I Man-Machine Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering Science, University of Essex +%C Colchester, Essex, UK + +%A Cuff, R.N. +%D 1984 +%T HERCULES: database query using natural language fragments +%J Proc 3rd British National Conference on Database Systems +%C Leeds +%O July +%K * + +%A Cullingford, R.E. +%D 1978 +%T Script application: computer understanding of newspaper stories +%R PhD Thesis, Research Report 116 +%I Yale University + +%A Cullingford, R.E. +%A Krueger, M.W. +%A Selfridge, M. +%A Bienkowski, M.A. +%D 1982 +%T Automated explanations as a component of a computer-aided design system +%J IEEE Trans Systems, Man and Cybernetics +%V SMC-12 +%N 2 +%P 168-181 +%O March/April +%K * + +%A Cullingford, R.E. +%A Pazzani, M.J. +%D 1984 +%T Word-meaning selection in multiprocess language understanding programs +%J IEEE Trans Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence +%V PAMI-6 +%N 4 +%P 493-509 +%O July +%K * + +%A Curry, G. +%A Baer, L. +%A Lipkie, D. +%A Lee, B. +%D 1982 +%T Traits: an approach to multiple-inheritance subclassing +%J ACM Conference on Office Information Systems +%P 1-9 +%O June +%K * + +%A Damper, R.I. +%A MacDonald, S.L. +%D 1984 +%T Template adaptation in speech recognition +%J Proc Institute of Acoustics +%V 6 +%N 4 +%P 293-299 +%K * + +%A Damper, R.I. +%A MacDonald, S.L. +%D 1984 +%T Statistical clustering procedures applied to low-cost speech recognition +%J J Biomed Engineering +%V 6 +%P 265-271 +%O October +%K * + +%A Darragh, J.J. +%A Witten, I.H. +%A Cleary, J.G. +%D 1983 +%T Adaptive text compression to enhance a modem +%R Research Report 83/132/21 +%I Computer Science Department, University of Calgary +%K KReport + +%A Davis, R. +%D 1979 +%T Interactive transfer of expertise: acquisition of new inference rules +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 12 +%N 2 +%P 121-157 +%K * + +%A Davis, R. +%A Lenat, D.B. +%D 1982 +%T Knowledge-based systems in artificial intelligence +%I McGraw Hill +%C New York, NY + +%A Day, J.D. +%A Zimmermann, H. +%D 1983 +%T The OSI reference model +%J Proc IEEE +%V 71 +%N 12 +%P 1334-1340 +%O December + +%A Defude, B. +%D 1984 +%T Knowledge based systems versus thesaurus: an architecture problem about expert systems design +%J Proc 3rd Joint BCS and ACM Symposium (King's College, Cambridge) +%I Cambridge University Press +%P 267-280 +%O July +%K * + +%A de\|Beaugrande, R. +%D 1980 +%T Text, discourse and process: towards a multidisciplinary science of texts +%I Ablex Publishing Corporation +%C Norwood, NJ + +%A de\|Jong, G. +%D 1979 +%T Prediction and substantiation: two processes that comprise understanding +%J Proc International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%C Tokyo, Japan +%P 217-222 +%O August + +%A de\|Jong, G. +%D 1981 +%T Generalizations based on explanations +%J Proc IJCAI 81 +%P 67-69 +%K * + +%A de\|Jong, S.P. +%D 1980 +%T The system for business automation (SBA): a unified application development system +%B Information Processing 80 +%E S.H.Lavington +%P 469-474 +%I North Holland +%K * + +%A de\|Leon, L. +%A Harris, W.G. +%A Evens, M. +%D 1983 +%T Is there really trouble with Unix? +%J Proc ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 125-129 +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 + +%A Dietterich, T.G. +%A Michalski, R.S. +%D 1983 +%T A comparative review of selected methods for learning from examples +%B Machine learning +%E R.S. Michalski, J.G. Carbonell, and T.M. Mitchell +%I Tioga +%P 41-81 + +%A Denning, P.J. +%D 1982 +%T Computer-based predictive writing +%J Comm ACM +%V 25 +%N 5 +%P 315-316 +%O May +%K * + +%A Denning, P.J. +%D 1984 +%T Educational ruminations +%J Comm ACM +%V 27 +%N 10 +%P 979-983 +%O October + +%A Denning, P.J. +%D 1985 +%T The science of computing: what is Computer Science? +%J American Scientist +%V 73 +%O January/February +%K * + +%A Dewdney, A.K. +%D 1984 +%T Computer recreations +%J Scientific American +%V 250 +%N 5 +%P 14-22 +%O May + +%A Downs, T. +%A Cook, A.S. +%A Rogers, G. +%D 1984 +%T A partitioning approach to yield estimation for large circuits and systems +%J IEEE Trans Circuits and Systems +%V CAS-31 +%N 5 +%P 472-485 +%O May +%K * + +%A Downs, T. +%D 1985 +%T An approach to the modeling of software testing with some applications +%J IEEE Trans Software Engineering +%V SE-11 +%N 4 +%P 375-386 +%O April +%K * + +%A Drummond, M. +%D 1983 +%T A proposal to study the cost-effectiveness of planning, acting, and sensing +%R DAI Working paper +%I Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Edinburgh +%K * + +%A Dubes, R. +%A Jain, A.K. +%D 1979 +%T Validity studies in clustering methodologies +%J Pattern Recognition +%V 11 +%P 225-254 +%K * + +%A Duda, R. +%A Gaschnig, J. +%A Hart, P. +%D 1979 +%T Model design in the Prospector consultant system for mineral exploration +%E D. Michie +%B Expert systems in the microelectronic age +%I Edinburgh University Press +%K * + +%A Dumais, S. +%A Landauer, T. +%D 1982 +%T Psychological investigations of natural terminology for command and query languages +%B Directions in human/computer interactions +%E Badre and Shneiderman +%I Ablex Publishing Corporation +%C Norwood, NJ +%P 95-110 + +%A Dumais, S. +%A Landauer, T. +%D 1983 +%T Using examples to describe categories +%J Proc ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 112-115 +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 +%K * + +%A Dunham, M.O. +%A Gray, R.M. +%D 1985 +%T An algorithm for the design of labeled-transition finite-state vector quantization +%J IEEE Trans Communications +%V COM-33 +%N 1 +%P 83-89 +%O January +%K * + +%A Dyer, M.G. +%D 1983 +%T In-depth understanding +%I MIT Press +%C Cambridge, MA + +%A Dynkin, E.B. +%D 1965 +%T Controlled random sequences +%J Theoretical Probability and its Applications +%V X +%N 1 +%K * + +%A Eason, K.D. +%A Damodaran, L +%D 1979 +%T Design procedures for user involvement and user support +%J Infotech - Man Computer Communications +%C London, England + +%A Edelsbrunner, H. +%A Maurer, H.A. +%D 1985 +%T Finding extreme points in three dimensions and solving the post-office problem in the plane +%J Information Processing Letters +%V 21 +%P 39-47 +%O 10 July +%K * + +%A Efron, B. +%A Thisted, R. +%D 1976 +%T Estimating the number of unseen species: how many words did Shakespeare know? +%J Biometrika +%V 63 +%N 3 +%P 435-447 +%K * + +%A Eisenstadt, E. +%A Hasemar, T. +%D 1985 +%T An improved user interface for Prolog +%E B.Shackel +%B Human-Computer Interaction: Proceedings INTERACT 84 +%I North Holland +%P 109-113 +%K * + +%A Ekeberg, O. +%D 1986 +%T Robust dictionary lookup using associative methods +%R Research Report +%I Computer Vision and Associative Pattern Processing Laboratory, Department of Computing Science, Royal Institute of Technology +%C Stockholm, Sweden +%K * + +%A Elias, P. +%D 1955 +%T Predictive coding: Part I and Part II +%J IRE Trans Information Theory +%V IT-1 +%N 1 +%P 16-33 +%K * + +%A Elias, P. +%D 1970 +%T Bounds on performance of optimum quantizers +%J IEEE Trans Information Theory +%V IT-16 +%N 2 +%P 172-184 +%O March +%K * + +%A Elias, P. +%D 1975 +%T Universal codeword sets and representations of the integers +%J IEEE Trans Information Theory +%V IT-21 +%N 2 +%P 194-203 +%O March +%K * + +%A Elliott, S.J. +%A Nelson, P.A. +%D 1985 +%T An algorithm for multichannel LMS adaptive filtering +%R Research Report +%I Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton +%C Southampton, England +%K * + +%A Ellis, C.A. +%A Nutt, G.J. +%D 1979 +%T On the equivalence of office models +%R Research Report SSL-79-8 +%I Xerox PARC +%O December +%K * + +%A Ellis, C.A. +%T Formal and informal models of office activity +%R Research Report +%I Xerox PARC +%K * + +%A Ellis, C.A. +%A Bernal, M. +%D 1982 +%T Officetalk-D: an experimental office information system +%J Proc ACM Conference +%P 131-140 +%K * + +%A Embley, D.W. +%A Nagy, G. +%D 1981 +%T Behavioral aspects of text editors +%J Computing Surveys +%V 13 +%N 1 +%P 33-70 +%O March +%K * + +%A Engel F.L. +%A Andriessen J.J. +%A Schmitz, H.J.R. +%D 1983 +%T What, where and whence: means for improving electronic data access +%J IJMMS +%V 18 +%P 145-160 + +%A Englebart, D.C. +%A English, W.K. +%D 1968 +%T A research center for augmenting human intellect +%J Proc Fall Joint Computer Conference +%V 33 +%P 395-410 +%I AFIPS Press +%C Arlington, VA + +%A Ernvall, J. +%A Nevalainen, O. +%D 1984 +%T Estimating the length of minimal spanning trees in compression of files +%J BIT +%V 24 +%P 19-32 +%K * + +%A Even, S. +%A Rodeh, M. +%D 1978 +%T Economical encodings of commas between strings +%J Comm ACM +%V 21 +%P 315-317 +%O April +%K * + +%A Even, S. +%A Pratt, V. +%A Rodeh, M. +%D 1981 +%T Linear algorithm for data compression via string matching +%J J ACM +%V 28 +%N 1 +%P 16-24 +%O January + +%A Everitt, B. +%D 1974 +%T Cluster analysis +%I Heineman +%C London, England + +%A Fano, R.M. +%D 1949 +%T The transmission of information +%R Technical Report 65 +%I Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT +%C Cambridge, MA + +%A Feigenbaum, E.A. +%A McCorduck, P. +%D 1983 +%T The fifth generation +%I Addison-Wesley +%C Reading, MA + +%A Ferrans, J.C. +%D 1982 +%T SEDL \(em a language for specifying integrity constraints on office forms +%J SIGOA Newsletter (Proc SIGOA Conference on Office Information Systems) +%V 3 +%N 3/4 +%P 123-130 +%C Philadelphia, PA +%O June 21-23 +%K * + +%A Fikes, R. +%A Kehler, T. +%D 1985 +%T The role of frame-based representation in reasoning +%J Comm ACM +%V 28 +%N 9 +%P 904-920 +%O September +%K * + +%A Filipski, A. +%A Hanko, J. +%D 1986 +%T Making UNIX secure +%J Byte +%P 113-128 +%O April + +%A Fillmore, C.J. +%D 1968 +%T The case for case +%E E.Bach and R.T.Harms +%B Universals in linguistic theory +%P 1-88 +%I Holt, Reinhart and Winston +%C Chicago, IL +%K * + +%A Finkel, R.A. +%A Bentley, J.L. +%D 1974 +%T Quad trees -- a data structure for retrieval on composite keys +%J Acta Informatica +%V 4 +%N 1 +%P 1-9 + +%A Fischer, G. +%A Lemke, A. +%A Schwab, T. +%D 1985 +%T Knowledge-based help systems +%J Proc Human Factors in Computer Systems +%C San Francisco, CA +%P 161-167 +%O April +%K * + +%A Fitter, M. +%D 1979 +%T Toward more natural interactive systems +%J IJMMS +%V 11 +%P 339-350 + +%A Fogel, L.J. +%A Owens, A.J. +%A Walsh, M.J. +%D 1966 +%T Artificial intelligence through simulated evolution +%I Wiley + +%A Foley, J.D. +%A Wallace, V.L. +%A Chan, P. +%D 1984 +%T The human factors of computer graphics interaction techniques +%J IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications +%V 4 +%N 11 +%P 13-48 +%O November +%K * + +%A Foster, J. +%A Gray, R.M. +%A Dunham, M.O. +%D 1985 +%T Finite-state vector quantization for waveform coding +%J IEEE Trans Information Theory +%V IT-31 +%O May + +%A Freij, G.J. +%A Cheetham, B.M.G. +%D 1985 +%T Improved sequential linear prediction by selective time-domain coefficient extraction +%R Report +%K * + +%A Friedman, J.H. +%A Baskett, F. +%A Shustek, L.J. +%D 1975 +%T An algorithm for finding nearest neighbors +%J IEEE Trans Computers +%V C-24 +%P 1000-1006 +%O October +%K * + +%A Friedman, J.H. +%A Bentley, J.L. +%A Finkel, R.A. +%D 1977 +%T An algorithm for finding best matches in logarithmic expected time +%J ACM Trans Mathematical Software +%V 3 +%N 3 +%P 209-226 +%O September +%K * + +%A Fukunaga, K. +%A Narendra, P.M. +%D 1975 +%T A branch and bound algorithm for computing \fIk\fP-nearest neighbors +%J IEEE Trans Computers +%V C-24 +%P 750-753 +%O July +%K * + +%A Fulton, M.A. +%T A social cognition research model for studying human-computer communication +%R Research Report +%I Oklahoma State University Business College +%C Stillwater, OK +%K * + +%A Gaines, B.R. +%D 1976 +%T On a danger in the assumption of causality +%J IEEE Trans Systems, Man and Cybernetics +%V SMC-6 +%P 56-59 + +%A Gaines, B.R. +%D 1981 +%T Autopoiesis: some questions +%E M.Zeleny +%B Autopoiesis: a theory of living organization +%I North Holland +%C New York, NY +%P 145-154 + +%A Gaines, B.R. +%D 1981 +%T The technology of interaction -- dialog programming rules +%J IJMMS +%V 14 +%N 1 +%P 133-150 +%O January + +%A Gaines, B.R. +%D 1983 +%T From word processing to image processing in office systems +%J Proc International Electrical, Electronics Conference +%V 2 +%P 622-625 +%C Toronto, ON +%O September 26-28 +%K * + +%A Gaines, B.R. +%D 1984 +%T Fundamentals of decision: probabilistic, possibilistic and other forms of uncertainty in decision analysis +%J Studies in the Management Sciences +%V 20 +%P 47-65 + +%A Gaines, B.R. +%D 1985 +%T Expert systems and simulation in planning flexible manufacturing systems +%J Proc Workshop on Coupling Symbolic and Numerical Computing in Expert Systems +%I Boeing Computer Services AI Center +%C Bellevue, WA +%O August 27-29 + +%A Gaines, B.R. +%D 1985 +%T The design of expert systems for planning flexible manufacturing +%R Research Report +%I Computer Science Department, University of Calgary + +%A Gaines, B.R. +%A Shaw, M.L.G +%D 1986 +%T Foundations of dialog engineering: the development of human-computer interaction Part II +%J IJMMS +%V 24 +%N 2 +%P 101-123 +%O February + +%A Gaines, B.R. +%D 1986 +%T An overview of knowledge acquisition and transfer +%J Proc AAAI Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge-based Systems +%C Banff, AL +%O November + +%A Galitz, W.O. +%D 1980 +%T Human factors in office automation +%I Life Office Management Association +%C Atlanta, GA + +%A Gardner, M. +%T In which `monster' curves force redefinition of the word `curve' +%J Scientific American +%P 124-133 +%K* + +%A Gargantini, I. +%A Atkinson, H.H. +%D 1984 +%T Linear quadtrees: a blocking technique for contour filling +%J Pattern Recognition +%V 17 +%N 3 +%P 285-293 +%K * + +%A Gargantini, I.A. +%D 1983 +%T Recent results on linear quadtrees and related techniques +%R Report 111 +%I Computer Science Department, University of Western Ontario +%C London, ON +%O December (to appear in \fIPattern recognition\fP) +%K * + +%A Garudadri, H. +%A Beddoes, M.P. +%A Gilbert, J.H.V. +%A Benguerel, A.P. +%T Identification of invariant acoustic cues in stop consonants using the Wigner distribution +%J +%K * + +%A Garvey, T.D. +%A Lowrance, J.D. +%A Fischler, M.A. +%D 1981 +%T An inference technique for integrating knowledge from disparate sources +%J Proc 7th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 319-325 +%C Vancouver, BC +%O August +%K * + +%A Gehani, N.H. +%D 1983 +%T An electronic form system -- an experience in prototyping +%J Software -- Practice and Experience +%V 13 +%P 479-486 +%K * + +%A Gehani, N.H. +%D 1983 +%T High level form definition in office information systems +%J Computer J +%V 26 +%N 1 +%P 52-59 +%K * + +%A Geller, V.J. +%A Lesk, M.E. +%D 1981 +%T How users search: a comparison of menu and attribute retrieval systems on a library catalog +%R Internal Report +%I Bell Laboratories +%K * + +%A Genesereth, M.R. +%A Ginsberg, M.L. +%D 1985 +%T Logic programming +%J Comm ACM +%V 28 +%N 9 +%P 933-941 +%O September +%K * + +%A Genesereth, M.R. +%A Ginsberg, M.L. +%A Rosenschein, J.S. +%D 1985 +%T Solving the prisoner's dilemma +%R Research Report STAN-CS-84-1032 +%I Computer Science Department, Stanford University +%C Stanford, CA +%K * + +%A Giles, R. +%D 1976 +%T Lucasiewicz logic and fuzzy set theory +%J IJMMS +%V 8 +%P 313-327 + +%A Ginsberg, M.L. +%D 1985 +%T Does probability have a place in non-monotonic reasoning? +%J Proc IJCAI +%P 107-110 +%K * + +%A Georgeff, M. +%A Lansky, A.L. +%A Bessiere, P. +%D 1985 +%T A procedural logic +%J Proc International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%C Los Angeles, CA +%O August +%K * + +%A Gersham, A.V. +%D 1982 +%T A framework for conceptual analyzers +%E W.G. Lenhert and M.H. Ringle +%B Strategies for natural language processing +%I Lawrence Erlbaum Associates +%P 177-202 + +%A Gersho, A. +%D 1979 +%T Asymptotically optimal block quantization +%J IEEE Trans Information Theory +%V IT-25 +%N 4 +%P 373-380 +%O July +%K * + +%A Gevarter, W.B. +%D 1983 +%T An overview of computer-based natural language processing +%R NASA Technical Memorandum 85635 +%C Washington, DC + +%A Gevarter, W.B. +%D 1983 +%T Expert systems: limited but powerful +%J IEEE Spectrum +%P 39-45 +%O August + +%A Gibbon, D. +%A Richter, H.\0(Editors) +%D 1984 +%T Intonation, Accent and Rhythm +%I de Gruyter +%C Berlin + +%A Gibbs, R.W. +%A Tenney, Y.J. +%D 1980 +%T The concept of scripts in understanding stories +%J J Psycholinguistic Research +%V 9 +%N 3 +%P 275-284 +%K * + +%A Gibson, B. +%A Wittig, R. +%D 1983 +%T The Develnet LAN: architecture and experience +%J Proc International Electrical, Electronics Conference +%V 1 +%P 26-29 +%C Toronto, ON +%O September 26-28 +%K * + +%A Girill, T.R. +%A Luk, C.H. +%D 1983 +%T DOCUMENT: an interactive, online solution to four documentation problems +%J Comm ACM +%V 26 +%N 5 +%P 328-337 +%O May + +%A Glinert, E.P. +%A Tanimoto, S.L. +%D 1984 +%T Pict: an interactive graphical programming environment +%J IEEE Computer +%V 17 +%N 11 +%P 7-25 +%O November +%K * + +%A Glinert, E.P. +%A Ladner, R.E. +%D 1984 +%T A large font virtual terminal interface +%J Comm ACM +%V 27 +%N 7 +%P 567-572 +%O June +%K * + +%A Godfrey, D. +%A Chang, E.\0(Editors) +%D 1981 +%T The Telidon book +%I Press Porcepic +%C Toronto, ON + +%A Goldshlager, L.M. +%D 1980 +%T Short algorithms for space-filling curves +%J Software -- Practice and Experience +%V 11 +%P 99-100 +%O September +%K * + +%A Good, D.I. +%D 1982 +%T The proof of a distributed system in Gypsy +%R Technical Report 30 +%I Institute for Computing Science, University of Texas at Austin +%C Austin, TX +%O September +%K * + +%A Gordon, J. +%A Shortliffe, E.H. +%D 1984 +%T The Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence +%B Rule-based expert systems +%E B.G.Buchanan and E.H.Shortliffe +%I Addison-Wesley +%C Reading, MA +%P 272-292 + +%A Gordon, J. +%A Shortliffe, E.H. +%D 1985 +%T A method for managing evidential reasoning in a hierarchical hypothesis space +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 26 +%P 323-357 + +%A Gosling, J.A. +%D 1981 +%T A redisplay algorithm +%J SIGOA Newsletter (Proc ACM Symposium on Text manipulation) +%C Portland, OR +%V 2 +%N 1/2 +%P 123-129 +%O Spring/Summer + +%A Gosling, J.A. +%A Rosenthal, D.S.H. +%D 1983 +%T A network window-manager +%R Report +%I Information Technology Center, Carnegie-Mellon University +%C Pittsburgh, PA +%K * + +%A Grampp, F.T. +%A Morris, R.H. +%D 1984 +%T UNIX operating system security +%J Bell System Technical J +%V 62 +%N 8, part 2 +%P 1649-1672 +%O October + +%A Grasser, A.C. +%D 1981 +%T Prose comprehension beyond the word +%I Springer-Verlag +%C New York, NY + +%A Gray, R.M. +%A Kieffer, J.C. +%A Linde, Y. +%D 1980 +%T Locally optimal block quantizer design +%J Information and Control +%V 45 +%P 178-198 +%K * + +%A Gray, R.M. +%D 1984 +%T Hardware realization of waveform vector quantizers +%J IEEE Trans +%V SAC-2 +%N 2 + +%A Green, M. +%D 1982 +%T Towards a user interface prototyping system +%J Proc Graphics Interface 82 +%P 37-45 +%K * + +%A Greenberg, S. +%D 1984 +%T User modeling in interactive computer systems +%R MSc Thesis +%I Computer Science Department, University of Calgary + +%A Greenberg, S. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1984 +%T Comparison of menu displays for ordered lists +%J Proc Canadian Information Processing Society Conference +%C Calgary, AL +%P 464-469 +%O May +%K KConference + +%A Greenberg, S. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1985 +%T Adaptive personalized interfaces -- a question of viability +%J Behaviour and Information Technology +%V 4 +%N 1 +%P 31-45 +%O January-March +%K KJournal + +%A Greenberg, S. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1985 +%T Interactive end-user creation of workbench hierarchies within a window system +%J Proc Canadian Information Processing Society Conference +%C Montreal, QUE +%P 408-416 +%O May +%K KConference + +%A Greenberg, S. +%A Peterson, M. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1986 +%T Issues and experiences in the design of a window management system +%J Proc Canadian Information Processing Society Conference +%C Edmonton, AL +%P 33-44 +%K KConference + +%A Grice, H.P. +%D 1957 +%T Meaning +%J Philosophical Review +%V LXVI +%N 3 +%P 377-388 +%K * + +%A Grice, H.P. +%D 1969 +%T Utterer's meaning and intentions +%J Philosophical Review +%V LXXVIII +%N 2 +%P 147-177 +%K * + +%A Grossner, C.P. +%A Radhakrishnan, T. +%A Pospiech, A. +%D 1983 +%T An integrated workstation for the visually handicapped +%J IEEE Micro +%P 8-16 +%O June +%K * + +%A Gullichsen, E. +%A Chang, E. +%D 1985 +%T Generative design in architecture using an expert system +%R Research Report +%I Computer Science Department, University of Victoria +%O February +%K * + +%A Hagelbarger, D.W. +%A Thompson, R.A. +%D 1983 +%T Experiments in teleterminal design +%J IEEE Spectrum +%P 40-45 +%O October +%K * + +%A Halbert, D.C. +%D 1984 +%T Programming by example +%R Technical Report +%I Xerox PARC, (Office Products Division) +%C Palo Alto, CA +%O December + +%A Hammond, P. +%A Sergot, M. +%D 1983 +%T A Prolog shell for logic based expert systems +%J Proc Expert Systems 83 +%I Churchill College +%C Cambridge, England +%P 95-104 +%O December +%K * + +%A Hammond, P. +%D 1984 +%T Representation of DHSS regulations as a logic program +%J Proc Expert Systems 83 +%I Churchill College +%C Cambridge, England +%P 225-235 +%O December +%K * + +%A Hanson, S.J. +%A Kraut, R.E. +%A Farber, J.M. +%D 1984 +%T Interface design and multivariate analysis of UNIX command use +%J ACM Trans Office Information Systems +%V 2 +%N 1 +%O March + +%A Harrison, A.F. +%A Bramson, R.M. +%T The art of thinking +%I Berkley Books +%C New York, NY +%K * + +%A Harth, E. +%D 1982 +%T Windows on the mind +%I Harvester Press +%C Brighton, Sussex + +%A Hartigan, J.A. +%D 1975 +%T Clustering algorithms +%I Wiley + +%A Hartley, J. +%D 1978 +%T Designing instructional text +%I Kogan Page +%C London, England + +%A Hartley, J. +%D 1982 +%T Designing instructional text +%E D.H. Jonassen +%B The technology of text +%I Educational Technology Publications +%C Englewood Cliffs, NJ + +%A Hasling, D.W. +%A Clancey, W.J. +%A Rennels, G. +%D 1984 +%T Strategic explanations for a diagnostic consultation system +%J IJMMS +%V 20 +%P 3-19 +%K * + +%A Haugeland, J. +%D 1979 +%T Understanding natural language +%V LXXVI +%N 11 +%P 619-632 +%O November +%K * + +%A Hayes, P. +%T The naive physics manifesto +%K * + +%A Hayes, P.J. +%A Ball, E. +%A Reddy, R. +%D 1983 +%T Breaking the man-machine communication barrier +%J IEEE Computer +%P 19-30 +%O March +%K * + +%A Hayes, P.J. +%D 1984 +%T Executable interface definitions using form-based interface abstractions +%R Report CMS-CS-84-110 +%I Computer Science Department, Carnegie-Mellon University +%K * + +%A Hayes, P.J. +%A Szekely, P.A. +%A Lerner, R.A. +%D 1985 +%T Design alternatives for user interface management systems based on experience with Cousin +%J Proc Human Factors in Computer Systems +%C San Francisco, CA +%P 169-175 +%O April +%K * + +%A Hayes, P.J. +%A Lerner, R.A. +%A Szekely, P.A. +%T The COUSIN user interface project +%K * + +%A Hayes-Roth, F. +%D 1985 +%T Rule-based systems +%J Comm ACM +%V 28 +%N 9 +%P 921-932 +%O September +%K * + +%A Hays, D.G. +%D 1964 +%T Dependency theory -- a formalism and some observations +%J Language +%V 40 +%P 511-25 + +%A Heath, F.G. +%A Foulk, P.W. +%A Li, D.Y. +%D 1984 +%T Analysis and restructuring of concurrent systems using Prolog +%J Proc IEEE Part E +%V 131 +%N 5 +%P 169-176 +%O September +%K * + +%A Heckbert, P. +%D 1982 +%T Color image quantization for frame buffer display +%J Proc SIGGRAPH 82 +%C Boston, MA +%P 297-307 +%O July +%K * + +%A Held, G. +%D 1984 +%T Data compression: techniques and applications +%I Wiley +%C New York, NY + +%A Hendrix, G.G +%A Sacerdoti, E.D. +%A Sagalowicz, D. +%A Slocum, J. +%D 1978 +%T Developing a natural language interface to complex data +%J ACM Trans Database Systems +%V 3 +%N 2 +%O June + +%A Hester, J.H. +%A Hirschberg, D.S. +%D 1985 +%T Self-organizing linear search +%J Computing Surveys +%V 17 +%N 3 +%P 295-311 +%O September + +%A Hewitt, C. +%D 1977 +%T Viewing control structures as patterns of passing messages +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 8 +%P 323-364 + +%A Hewitt, C. +%A de\|Jong, P.S. +%D 1982 +%T Open systems +%R AI Memo 691 +%I MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory +%O December +%K * + +%A Hewitt, C. +%A de\|Jong, P.S. +%D 1983 +%T Analyzing the roles of descriptions and actions in open systems +%R AI Memo 727 +%I MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory +%O April +%K * + +%A Hewitt, C. +%A de\|Jong, P.S. +%D 1983 +%T Message passing semantics as a foundation for reasoning in open systems +%R Research Report +%I MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory +%O May +%K * + +%A Hibbard, P. +%D 1983 +%T User manual for MINT -- the SPICE document preparation system +%R Technical Report +%I Computer Science Department, Carnegie-Mellon University +%C Pittsburgh, PA + +%A Hilbert, D. +%D 1891 +%T Ueber die stetige Abbildung einer Linie auf ein Flachenstuck +%J Math Annalen +%V 38 +%P 459-460 +%K * + +%A Hill, D.R. +%A Dohrn, C. +%A Darragh, J. +%A Esau, R. +%A Levinson, D. +%A Unger, B. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1984 +%T Using speech output as a medium for human-computer dialogue +%J Proc Canadian Information Processing Society Conference +%C Calgary, AL +%P 470-476 +%O May +%K KConference + +%A Hill, D.R. +%A Witten, I.H. +%A Neal, R. +%A Lomow, G. +%D 1984 +%T Jecl and Hide: practical questions for the Jade user interface +%J Proc Canadian Information Processing Society Conference +%C Calgary, AL +%P 373-380 +%O May +%K KConference + +%A Hiltz, S.R. +%A Turoff, M. +%D 1985 +%T Structuring computer-mediated communication systems to avoid information overload +%J CACM +%V 28 +%N 7 +%P 680-689 +%O July + +%A Hintikka, K.J. +%D 1975 +%T The intentions of intentionality +%I D. Reidel +%C Dordrecht, Holland + +%A Ho, C.S. +%A Hong, Y.C. +%A Kuo, T.S. +%D 1986 +%T A society model for office information systems +%J ACM Trans Office Information Systems +%V 4 +%N 2 +%P 104-137 +%O April +%K * + +%A Horspool, R.N. +%A Cormack, G.V. +%D 1984 +%T A general-purpose data compression technique with practical computer applications +%J Proc Canadian Information Processing Society Conference +%C Calgary, AL +%P 138-141 +%O May +%K * + +%A Horspool, R.N. +%A Cormack, G.V. +%D 1985 +%T Comments on `Data compression using static Huffman code-decode tables' +%O submitted to CACM, November 1985 +%K * + +%A Horspool, R.N. +%A Cormack, G.V. +%D 1986 +%T Dynamic Markov modelling -- a prediction technique +%J Proc International Conference on the System Sciences +%C Honolulu, HA +%O January +%K * + +%A Hosticka, B.J. +%D 1985 +%T Performance comparison of analog and digital circuits +%J Proc IEEE +%V 73 +%N 1 +%P 25-29 +%O January + +%A Hou, H.S. +%A Andrews, H.C. +%D 1978 +%T Cubic splines for image interpolation and digital filtering +%J IEEE Trans Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing +%V ASSP-26 +%N 6 +%P 508-517 +%O December +%K * + +%A Hovy, E.H. +%T Integrating text planning and production in generation +%J Proc IJCAI +%P 848-851 +%K * + +%A Hunter, R. +%A Robinson, A.H. +%D 1980 +%T International digital facsimile coding standards +%J Proc IEEE +%V 68 +%N 7 +%P 854-867 +%O July +%K * + +%A Hutchings, E. +%D 1983 +%T The autonomous Viking +%J Science +%V 219 +%P 803-808 +%O February 18 + +%A Jackendoff, R. +%D 1985 +%T Semantics and cognition +%I MIT Press +%C Cambridge, MA + +%A Jakobsson, M. +%D 1985 +%T Compression of character strings by an adaptive dictionary +%J BIT +%V 25 +%N 4 +%P 593-603 +%K * + +%A Jantsch, E. +%D 1981 +%T Autopoiesis: a central aspect of dissipative self-organization +%E M.Zeleny +%B Autopoiesis: a theory of living organization +%I North Holland +%C New York, NY +%P 65-88 + +%A Jarvis, J.F. +%D 1984 +%T Robotics +%J IEEE Computer +%P 283-292 +%O October +%K * + +%A Jarvis, R.A. +%D 1983 +%T Growing polyhedral obstacles for planning collision-free paths +%J Australian Computer J +%V 15 +%N 3 +%P 103-111 +%O August +%K * + +%A Jaynes, J. +%D 1976 +%T The origin of consciousness in the breakdown of the bicameral mind +%I Houghton Mifflin +%C Boston, MA + +%A Jefferson, D.R. +%D 1985 +%T Virtual time +%J ACM Trans Programming Languages and Systems +%V 7 +%N 3 +%P 404-425 +%O July +%K * + +%A Johnson, W.L. +%A Soloway, E. +%A Cutler, B. +%A Draper, S.W. +%D 1983 +%T Bug catalogue: I +%R Research Report +%I Cognition and Programming Project, Computer Science Department, Yale University +%O October +%K * + +%A Jones, H. +%D 1976 +%T Stanley Morison displayed +%I Frederick Muller +%C London, England + +%A Jones, L.P. +%A Iyengar, S.S. +%D 1984 +%T Space and time efficient virtual quadtrees +%J IEEE Trans Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence +%V PAMI-6 +%N 2 +%P 244-247 +%O March +%K * + +%A Kaczmarek, T. +%A Mark, W. +%A Sondheimer, N. +%D 1983 +%T The Consul/CUE interface: an integrated interactive environment +%J Proc ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 98-102 +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 +%K * + +%A Kaehler, T. +%A Patterson, D. +%D 1986 +%T A taste of Smalltalk +%I W.W. Norton +%C New York, NY + +%A Kang, A.N.C. +%A Lee, R.C.T. +%A Chang, C-L. +%A Chang, S-K. +%D 1977 +%T Storage reduction through minimal spanning trees and spanning forests +%J IEEE Trans Computers +%V C-26 +%N 5 +%P 425-434 +%O May +%K * + +%A Kawaguchi, E. +%A Endo, T. +%D 1980 +%T On a method of binary-picture representation and its application to data compression +%J IEEE Trans Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence +%V PAMI-2 +%N 1 +%P 27-35 +%O January +%K * + +%A Kawaguchi, E. +%A Endo, T. +%A Matsunaga, J.I. +%D 1983 +%T Depth-first picture expression viewed from digital picture processing +%J IEEE Trans Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence +%V PAMI-5 +%N 4 +%P 373-384 +%O July +%K * + +%A Kelley, J.F. +%A Chapanis, A. +%D 1982 +%T How professional persons keep their calendars: implications for computerization +%J J Occupational Psychology +%V 55 +%P 241-256 +%K * + +%A Kennedy, H.C.\0(Editor) +%D 1980 +%T Selected works of Guiseppe Peano +%I Allen and Unwin +%C Winchester, MA + +%A Keye, M. +%D 1984 +%T Technique for real time pitch period estimation +%R Submitted to \fIElectronics Letters\fP +%K * + +%A Kidd, A.L. +%A Cooper, M.B. +%D 1985 +%T Man-machine interface issues in the construction and use of an expert system +%J IJMMS +%V 22 +%P 91-102 +%K * + +%A Kigger, J. +%D 1984 +%T The depth/breadth trade-off in the design of menu-driven user interfaces +%J IJMMS +%V 20 + +%A Klir, G.J. +%A Parviz, B. +%D 1985 +%T General reconstruction characteristics of probabilistic and possibilistic systems +%R Research Report +%K * + +%A Knuth, D.E. +%A Plass, M.F. +%D 1981 +%T Breaking paragraphs into lines +%J Software -- Practice and Experience +%V 11 +%P 1119-1184 + +%A Knuth, D.E. +%D 1983 +%T The WEB system of structured documentation +%R Report STAN-CS-83-980 +%I Computer Science Department, University of Stanford +%C Stanford, CA + +%A Knuth, D.E. +%D 1984 +%T Literate programming +%J Computer J +%V 27 +%N 2 +%P 97-111 +%K * + +%A Kolata, G. +%D 1986 +%T Shakespeare's new poem: an ode to statistics +%J Science +%V 231 +%P 335-336 +%O 24 January + +%A Kolodner, J. +%D 1983 +%T Towards an understanding of the role of experience from novice to expert +%J IJMMS +%V 19 +%K * + +%A Kolodner, J.L. +%D 1983 +%T Reconstructive memory: a computer model +%J Cognitive Science +%V 7 +%P 281-328 +%K * + +%A Kolodner, J.L. +%D 1983 +%T Maintaining organization in a dynamic long-term memory +%J Cognitive Science +%V 7 +%P 243-280 +%K * + +%A Konopasek, M. +%A Jayaraman, S. +%D 1984 +%T Expert systems for personal computers: the TK!Solver approach +%J Byte +%P 137-156 +%O May +%K * + +%A Koontz, H. +%A O'Donnell, C. +%D 1972 +%T Principles of management: an analysis of managerial functions +%I McGraw Hill + +%A Korein, J. +%A Badler, N. +%D 1983 +%T Temporal anti-aliasing in computer generated animation +%J Computer Graphics +%V 17 +%N 3 +%P 377-388 +%O July +%K * + +%A Kornfeld, W.A. +%A Hewitt, C.E. +%D 1981 +%T The scientific community metaphor +%J IEEE Trans Systems, Man and Cybernetics +%V SMC-11 +%N 1 +%P 24-33 +%O January +%K * + +%A Kowalski, R. +%D 1983 +%T Logic for expert systems +%J Proc Expert Systems 83 +%I Churchill College +%C Cambridge, England +%P 80-93 +%O December +%K * + +%A Kraut, R.E. +%A Hanson, S.J. +%A Farber, J.M. +%D 1983 +%T Command use and interface design +%J Proc ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 120-123 +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 +%K * + +%A Klir, G.J. +%D 1985 +%T Architecture of systems problem solving +%I Plenum Press +%C New York, NY + +%A Kunin, J.S. +%D 1982 +%T Analysis and specification of office procedures +%R PhD Thesis +%I Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT +%O February + +%A Lamb, M. +%A Buckley, V. +%D 1984 +%T New techniques for gesture-based dialogue +%J Proc 1st IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction +%C London, England +%O 4-7 September +%K * + +%A Langdon, G.G +%D 1981 +%T Tutorial on arithmetic coding +%R Research Report RJ3128 +%I IBM Research Laboratory +%C San Jose, CA +%K * + +%A Langdon, G.G +%D 1984 +%T An introduction to arithmetic coding +%J IBM J Research and Development +%V 28 +%N 2 +%P 135-149 +%O March +%K * + +%A Langdon, G.G +%D 1983 +%T A note on the Ziv-Lempel model for compressing individual sequences +%J IEEE Trans Information Theory +%V IT-30 +%P 284-287 +%O March +%K * + +%A Langdon, G.G. +%A Rissanen, J.J. +%D 1983 +%T A doubly-adaptive file compression algorithm +%J IEEE Trans Communications +%V COM-31 +%N 11 +%P 1253-1255 +%O November +%K * + +%A Langdon, G.G. +%A Rissanen, J.J. +%D 1982 +%T A simple general binary source code +%J IEEE Trans Information Theory +%V IT-28 +%P 800-803 +%O September + +%A Langley, P. +%D 1983 +%T Learning search strategies through discrimination +%J IJMMS +%V 18 +%P 513-541 +%K * + +%A Lansky, A.L. +%D 1985 +%T Behavioral planning for multi-agent domains +%R NSF Proposal +%I SRI International +%K * + +%A Latremouille, S. +%A Lee, E. +%D 1981 +%T The design of videotex tree indexes: the use of descriptors and the enhancement of single index pages +%J Telidon Behavioural Research +%V 2 +%I Department of Communications +%O May + +%A Lauer, H.C. +%A Needham, R.M. +%D 1977 +%T On the duality of operating system structures +%J Operating Systems: Theory and Practice +%K * + +%A Lazowska, E.D. +%A Levy, H.M. +%A Almes, G.T. +%A Fischer, M.J. +%A Fowler, R.J. +%A Vestal, S.C. +%D 1981 +%T The architecture of the Eden system +%J Proc Eighth Symposium on Operating System Principles +%P 148-159 +%C Pacific Grove, CA +%O December +%K * + +%A Lebowitz, M. +%D 1980 +%T Generalization and memory in an integrated understanding system +%R PhD Thesis +%I Yale University +%C New Haven, CT + +%A Lebowitz, M. +%D 1981 +%T The nature of generalization in understanding +%J Proc IJCAI 81 +%P 348-353 +%K * + +%A Lebowitz, M. +%D 1983 +%T Generalization from natural language text +%J Cognitive Science +%V 7 +%P 1-40 +%K * + +%A Lee, A. +%A Lochovsky, F.H. +%D 1983 +%T Enhancing the usability of an office information system through direct manipulation +%J Proc ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 130-134 +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 +%K * + +%A Lee, D.T. +%D 1982 +%T On \fIk\fP-nearest neighbor Voroni diagrams in the plane +%J IEEE Trans Computers +%V C-31 +%N 6 +%P 478-487 +%O June +%K * + +%A Lee, D.T. +%A Preparata, F.P. +%D 1984 +%T Computational geometry -- a survey +%J IEEE Trans Computers +%V C-33 +%N 12 +%P 1072-1101 +%O December + +%A Lefebvre, V.A. +%D 1977 +%T The structure of awareness +%I Sage Publications +%C Beverly Hills, CA +%O (english translation by A.Rapoport) + +%A Lehar, A.F. +%A Stevens, R.J. +%D 1984 +%T High-speed manipulation of the color chromaticity of digital images +%J IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications +%P 34-39 +%O February +%K * + +%A Lehnert, W.G. +%D 1977 +%T A conceptual theory of question answering +%J Proc International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%I MIT +%C Cambridge, MA +%P 158-164 +%O August + +%A Lehnert, W.G. +%D 1978 +%T The process of question answering +%I Lawrence Erlbaum Associates +%C Hillsdale, NJ +%K * + +%A Lehnert, W.G. +%A Dyer, M.G. +%A Johnson, P.N. +%A Yang, C.J. +%A Harley, S. +%D 1983 +%T BORIS: an experiment in in-depth understanding of narratives +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 20 +%P 15-62 +%K * + +%A Lemer, L. +%D 1974 +%T A.R.T.H.U.R. The life and opinions of a digital computer +%I Harvester Press +%C Sussex, England + +%A Lempel, A. +%A Ziv, J. +%T Compression of two-dimensional data +%K * + +%A Lenat, D. +%D 1983 +%T The role of heuristics in learning by discovery: three case studies +%B Machine learning +%E R.S. Michalski, J.G. Carbonell, and T.M. Mitchell +%I Tioga +%P 243-306 + +%A Lenat, D.B. +%A Sutherland, W.R. +%A Gibbons, J. +%D 1982 +%T Heuristic search for new microcircuit structures: an application of artificial intelligence +%J AI Magazine +%P 17-33 +%O Summer +%K * + +%A Lenat, D.B. +%D 1983 +%T EURISKO: a program that learns new heuristics and domain concepts +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 21 +%P 61-98 +%K * + +%A Lenat, D.B. +%A Brown, J.S. +%D 1984 +%T Why AM and EURISKO appear to work +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 23 +%P 269-294 + +%A Lenat, D.B. +%A Prakesh, M. +%A Shepherd, M. +%D 1986 +%T CYC: using common sense knowledge to overcome brittleness and knowledge acquisition bottlenecks +%J The AI Magazine +%P 65-85 +%O Winter +%K * + +%A Lewis, J. +%D 1963 +%T Typography: basic principles. Influences and trends since the 19th century +%I Van Nostrand Reinhold +%C New York, NY + +%A Lewis, J.W. +%D 1983 +%T An effective graphics user interface for rules +%J Proc ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 139-143 +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 +%K * + +%A Lewis, J.M. +%T Analysing the action of UNIX-users +%D 1986 +%O March +%I University of Edinburgh, Department of Artificial Intelligence +%K * + +%A Li, D.Y. +%A Heath, F.G. +%D 1983 +%T ILEX: an intelligent relational database system +%J Proc ACM Conference on Personal and Small Computers +%C San Diego, CA +%P 245-252 +%O December +%K * + +%A Liang, F.M. +%D 1983 +%T Word hy-phen-a-tion by com-put-er +%R PhD Thesis +%I Computer Science Department, Stanford University +%C Stanford, CA +%K * + +%A Lieberman, H. +%D 1978 +%T How to color in a coloring book +%J Proc SIGGRAPH 78 +%P 111-116 +%K * + +%A Lieberman, H. +%D 1984 +%T Seeing what your programs are doing +%J IJMMS +%V 21 +%N 4 +%P 311-331 +%O October + +%A Linde, Y. +%A Buzo, A. +%A Gray, R.M. +%D 1980 +%T An algorithm for vector quantizer design +%J IEEE Trans Communications +%V COM-28 +%N 1 +%P 84-95 +%O January +%K * + +%A Linington, P.F. +%D 1983 +%T Fundamentals of the layer service definitions and protocol specifications +%J Proc IEEE +%V 71 +%N 12 +%P 1341-1345 +%O December + +%A Ljolje, A. +%A Fallside, F. +%D 1986 +%T Synthesis of natural sounding pitch contours in isolated utterances using hidden Markov models +%J IEEE Trans Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing +%V ASSP-34 +%N 5 +%P 1074-1079 +%O October +%K * + +%A Lloyd, J.W. +%D 1984 +%T Foundations of logic programming +%I Springer-Verlag +%C Berlin + +%A Lowrance, R. +%A Wagner, R.A. +%D 1975 +%T An extension of the string-to-string correction problem +%J J ACM +%V 22 +%N 2 +%P 177-183 +%O April +%K * + +%A Lozano-Perez, T. +%A Wesley, M.A. +%D 1979 +%T An algorithm for planning collision-free paths among polyhedral obstacles +%J Comm ACM +%V 22 +%N 10 +%P 560-570 +%O October +%K * + +%A Lozano-Perez, T. +%D 1981 +%T Automatic planning of manipulator transfer movements +%J IEEE Trans Systems, Man and Cybernetics +%V SMC-11 +%N 10 +%P 681-698 +%O October + +%A Lozano-Perez, T. +%D 1983 +%T Robot programming +%J Proc IEEE +%V 71 +%N 7 +%P 821-841 +%O July + +%A Lu, M.I. +%A Chen, C.F. +%T Modified Huffman code +%R Research Report +%I Departmental of Electrical Engineering, Tatung Institute of Technology +%C Taipei, Taiwan +%K * + +%A Lynch, T.J. +%D 1985 +%T Data compression -- techniques and applications +%I Lifetime Learning Publications +%C Belmont, CA + +%A MacMillan, S.A. +%D 1984 +%T User models to personalize an intelligent agent +%R PhD Thesis +%I Stanford University + +%A MacQueen, J.B. +%D 1967 +%T Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations +%J Proc 5th Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability +%V 1 +%P 281-297 + +%A Maguire, M. +%D 1982 +%T An evaluation of published recommendations on the design of man-computer dialogues +%J IJMMS +%V 16 +%N 3 +%P 237-261 +%O April + +%A Malcolm, M. +%A Dyment, D. +%D 1983 +%T Experience designing the Waterloo Port user interface +%J Proc ACM Conference on Personal and Small Computers +%C San Diego, CA +%P 168-175 +%O December +%K * + +%A Mannos, J.L. +%A Sakrison, D.J. +%D 1974 +%T The effects of a visual fidelity criterion on the encoding of images +%J IEEE Trans Information Theory +%V IT-20 +%N 4 +%O July +%K * + +%A Mantei, M. +%D 1982 +%T Disorientation behavior in person-computer interactions +%R PhD Thesis +%I University of Southern California +%C Los Angeles, CA + +%A Maragos, P.A. +%A Schafer, R.W. +%A Mersereau, R.M. +%D 1984 +%T Two-dimensional linear prediction and its application to adaptive predictive coding of images +%J IEEE Trans Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing +%V ASSP-32 +%N 6 +%P 1213-1229 +%O December +%K * + +%A Marchetti, C. +%D 1980 +%T Society as a learning system: discovery, invention, and innovation cycles revisited +%J Technological Forecasting and Social Change +%V 18 +%P 267-282 +%K * + +%A Martin, T. +%D 1980 +%T Information retrieval +%B Human interaction with computers +%E Smith and Green +%I Academic Press +%C London, England +%P 161-175 + +%A Maslow, A.H. +%D 1954 +%T Motivation and personality +%I Harper and Row +%C New York, NY + +%A Maslow, A.H. +%D 1968 +%T Toward a psychology of being +%I Van Nostrand Reinhold +%C New York, NY +%O second edition + +%A Masrani, R. +%A Keenan, T.P. +%D 1984 +%T Security and privacy in cellular telephone systems +%J Proc AFIPS Conference on Computer Security +%C Toronto, ON +%O September +%K * + +%A Masrani, R. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1984 +%T Natural language processing in object-oriented Prolog +%R Unpublished note +%O September + +%A Mathews, M.V. +%D 1969 +%T The technology of computer music +%I MIT Press + +%A Maturana, H.R. +%D 1975 +%T The organization of the living: a theory of the living organization +%J IJMMS +%V 7 +%P 313-332 + +%A Maturana, H.R. +%A Varela, F.J. +%D 1980 +%T Autopoiesis and cognition +%I D. Reidel +%C Dordrecht, Holland + +%A Mazer, M.S. +%A Lochovsky, F.H. +%D 1984 +%T Logical routing specification in office information systems +%J ACM Trans Office Information Systems +%V 2 +%N 4 +%P 303-330 +%O October + +%A McCarthy, J. +%D 1980 +%T Circumscription -- a form of non-monotonic reasoning +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 13 +%P 27-39 +%K * + +%A McCracken, D.L. +%A Akscyn, R.M. +%D 1984 +%T Experience with the ZOG human-computer interface system +%J IJMMS +%V 21 +%N 4 +%P 293-310 +%O October + +%A McCulloch, W.S. +%D 1954 +%T Through the den of the metaphysician +%J British J Philosophy of Science +%V 5 +%P 18-31 + +%A McDermott, J. +%A Steele, B. +%D 1981 +%T Extending a knowledge-based system to deal with ad hoc constraints +%J Proc 7th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 824-828 + +%A McDermott, J. +%T Artificial intelligence meets natural stupidity +%B Mind Design +%E J. Haugeland +%I MIT Press +%C Cambridge, MA +%P 143-160 +%K * + +%A McDermott, J. +%D 1982 +%T A temporal logic for reasoning about processes and plans +%J Cognitive Science +%V 6 +%P 101-155 +%K * + +%A McDonald, D. +%D 1977 +%T Language generation: the linguistics component +%J Proc International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 142 +%K * + +%A McDonald, D.D. +%A Pustejovsky, J.D. +%D 1985 +%T Description-directed natural language generation +%J Proc IJCAI +%P 799-805 +%K * + +%A McKeown, K.R. +%A Wish, M. +%A Matthews, K. +%T Tailoring explanations for the user +%J Proc IJCAI +%P 794-798 +%K * + +%A McLean, R.S. +%D 1983 +%T Ontario Ministry of Education specifies its microcomputer +%J Proc 4th Canadian Symposium on Instructional Technology +%C Winnipeg, MN +%O October 19-21 +%K * + +%A Meehan, J.R. +%D 1977 +%T TALESPIN, an interactive program that writes stories +%J Proc 5th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 91-98 + +%A Mervis, C.B. +%A Rosch, E. +%D 1981 +%T Categorization of natural objects +%J Annual Review of Psychology +%V 32 +%P 89-115 + +%A Michaelsen, R.H. +%A Michie, D. +%A Boulanger, A. +%D 1985 +%T The technology of expert systems +%J Byte +%P 303-312 +%O April +%K * + +%A Miller, P.L. +%D 1983 +%T ATTENDING: critiquing a physician's management plan +%J IEEE Trans Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence +%V PAMI-5 +%N 5 +%P 449-461 +%O September +%K * + +%A Mitchell, T.M. +%D 1982 +%T Generalization as search +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 18 +%P 203-226 +%K * + +%A Mitchell, T.M. +%D 1983 +%T Learning and problem solving +%J Proc IJCAI 83 +%P 1139-1151 +%C Karlsruhe, W.Germany +%O August +%K * + +%A Moffat, A. +%D 1986 +%T Predictive text compression based on the future rather than the past +%R Research Report +%I Computer Science Department, University of Canterbury +%C Christchurch, New Zealand +%K * + +%A Moher, T.G. +%D 1985 +%T Estimating the distribution of software complexity \fIwithin\fP a program +%J Proc Human Factors in Computer Systems +%C San Francisco, CA +%P 61-64 +%O April +%K * + +%A Mooney, R. +%A de\|Jong, G. +%T Learning schemata for natural language processing +%J Proc IJCAI +%P 681-687 +%K * + +%A Morison, S. +%D 1951 +%T First principles of typography +%I Cambridge University Press +%C Cambridge, England + +%A Morrin, T.H. +%D 1974 +%T A black-white representation of a gray-scale picture +%J IEEE Trans Computers +%V C-23 +%P 184-186 +%O February +%K * + +%A Morris, R. +%A Cherry, L.L. +%D 1975 +%T Computer detection of typographical errors +%J IEEE Trans Professional Communications +%V PC-18 +%N 1 +%P 54-56 +%O March +%K * + +%A Morris, R. +%A Thompson, K. +%D 1979 +%T Password security: a case history +%J Comm ACM +%V 22 +%N 11 +%P 594-597 +%O November +%K * + +%A Moses, J. +%D 1971 +%T Symbolic integration: the stormy decade +%J Comm ACM +%V 14 +%N 8 +%P 548-560 + +%A Mullen, J. +%D 1984 +%T Unlimited vocabulary speech synthesis with low data rates +%J Electronics and Power +%P 850-852 +%O November/December +%K * + +%A Mycielski, J. +%D 1985 +%T Can mathematics explain natural intelligence? +%R Research Report UC-32 +%I Los Alamos National Laboratory +%C Los Alamos, NM +%O July +%K * + +%A Mycroft, A. +%A O'Keefe, R.A. +%D 1984 +%T A polymorphic type system for Prolog +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 23 +%P 295-307 +%K * + +%A Myers, B.A +%D 1986 +%T Visual programming, programming by example, and program visualization: a taxonomy +%J Proc ACM CHI 86 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 59-66 +%C Boston, MA +%O April 13-17 +%K * + +%A Nagy, G. +%A Wagle, S. +%D 1979 +%T Geographic data processing +%J Computing Surveys +%V 11 +%N 2 +%P 139-181 +%O June +%K * + +%A Nagy, G. +%A Paton, K. +%D 1982 +%T Intelligent facsimile +%P Proc Harvard Computer Graphics Week +%I Graduate School of Design, Harvard University +%K * + +%A Nagy, G. +%D 1983 +%T Candide's practical principles of experimental pattern recognition +%J IEEE Trans Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence +%V PAMI-5 +%N 2 +%P 199-200 +%O March +%K * + +%A Nagy, G. +%D 1983 +%T Optical scanning devices +%J IEEE Computer +%P 13-24 +%O May +%K * + +%A Nagy, G. +%A Seth, S. +%T Hierarchical image representation with application to optically scanned documents +%R Discussion paper +%K * + +%A Nagy, G. +%D 1984 +%T Advances in information extraction techniques +%J Remote Sensing of Environment +%V 15 +%P 167-175 +%K * + +%A Naiman, A. +%D 1984 +%T Some new ingredients for the cookbook approach to anti-aliased text +%J Proc Graphics Interface 84 +%I National Computer Graphics Association of Canada +%P 99-108 +%O May + +%A Nakatani, L.H. +%A Rohrlich, J.A. +%D 1983 +%T Soft machines: A philosophy of user-computer interface design +%J Proceedings Human Factors in Computer Systems +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 +%K * + +%A Nasanen, R. +%D 1984 +%T Visibility of halftone dot textures +%J IEEE Trans Systems, Man and Cybernetics +%V SMC-14 +%N 6 +%P 920-924 +%O November/December +%K * + +%A Nau, D.S. +%D 1983 +%T Expert computer systems +%J IEEE Computer +%V 16 +%N 2 +%P 63-85 +%O February + +%A Neal, R.M. +%A Lomow, G.A. +%A Peterson, M.W. +%A Unger, B.W. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1984 +%T Inter-process communication in a distributed programming environment +%J Proc Canadian Information Processing Society Conference +%C Calgary, AL +%P 361-364 +%O May +%K KConference + +%A Nelson, G.A. +%A Pfeifer, L.L. +%A Wood, R.C. +%D 1972 +%T High-speed octave band digital filtering +%J IEEE Trans Audio and Electroacoustics +%V AU-20 +%P 58-65 +%O March +%K * + +%A Niblett, B.\0(Editor) +%D 1980 +%T Computer science and law +%I Cambridge University Press +%C Cambridge, England + +%A Nicol, R.C. +%A Fenn, B.A. +%A Turkington, R.D. +%D 1980 +%T Transmission techniques for picture viewdata +%J Proc International Broadcasting Convention +%K * + +%A Nicholson, R.T. +%D 1985 +%T Usage patterns in an integrated voice and data communications system +%J ACM Trans Office Information Systems +%V 3 +%N 3 +%P 307-314 +%O July + +%A Nierstrasz, O.M. +%D 1985 +%T An object-oriented system +%E D.Tsichritzis +%B Office automation +%I Springer-Verlag +%C Berlin +%P 167-189 + +%A Nilsson, N.J. +%D 1986 +%T Probabilistic logic +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 28 +%P 71-87 + +%A Nilsson, N.J. +%D 1980 +%T Principles of artificial intelligence +%I Tioga +%C Palo Alto, CA + +%A Nilsson, N.J. +%D 1980 +%T The interplay between experimental and theoretical methods in artificial intelligence +%R Technical Note 229 +%I SRI International +%O September +%K * + +%A Nilsson, N.J. +%D 1981 +%T Artificial intelligence: engineering, science, or slogan? +%R Technical Note 248 +%I SRI International +%O July +%K * + +%A Nix, R. +%D 1983 +%T Editing by example +%R PhD Dissertation +%I Computer Science Department, Yale University +%C New Haven, CT + +%A Nix, R. +%D 1984 +%T Editing by example +%J Proc 11th ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages +%C Salt Lake City, UT +%P 186-195 +%O January + +%A Noakes, P.D. +%A Aish, R. +%D 1984 +%T A new peripheral for three-dimensional computer input +%J IEEE Micro +%V 4 +%N 5 +%P 26-35 +%O October + +%A Nooteboom, S.G. +%D 1983 +%T The temporal organization of speech and the process of spoken-word recognition +%J IPO Annual Progress Report +%V 18 +%P 32-36 +%K * + +%A Norman, D.A. +%D 1981 +%T The trouble about Unix +%J Datamation +%V 27 +%N 12 +%P 139-150 + +%A Norman, D.A. +%D 1984 +%T Stages and levels in human-machine interaction +%J IJMMS +%V 21 +%N 4 +%P 365-375 +%O October + +%A Norman, D.A. +%A Draper, S.W.\0(Editors) +%D 1986 +%T User centered system design \(em new perspectives on human-computer interaction +%I Lawrence Erlbaum Associates +%C Hillsdale, NJ + +%A Norman, K.L. +%A Weldon, L.J. +%A Shneiderman, B. +%D 1985 +%T Cognitive representations of windows and multiple screen layouts of computer interfaces +%R Research Report CAR-TR-123, CS-TR-1498 +%I Computer Science Department, University of Maryland +%O May + +%A Null, A. +%D 1971 +%T Space-filling curves or how to waste time with a plotter +%J Software -- Practice and Experience +%V 1 +%P 403-410 +%K * + +%A Oren, T.I. +%A Brzozowski, J.A. +%A Gilmore, P.C. +%D 1982 +%T Crisis in Canadian academic Computer Science: facts and recommendations +%R Report prepared by the Executive Committee of Canadian Computer Science Departments Chairmen +%O January + +%A O'Shea, T. +%A Self, J. +%D 1983 +%T Learning and teaching with computers: artificial intelligence in education +%I Prentice-Hall +%C Englewood Cliffs, NJ + +%A O'Shea, T. +%A Eisenstadt, M.\0(Editors) +%D 1984 +%T Artificial intelligence: tools, techniques, and applications +%I Harper and Row +%C New York, NY + +%A Ogawa, Y. +%A Shima, K. +%A Sugawara, T. +%A Takagi, S. +%D 1984 +%T Knowledge representation and inference environment: KRINE -- an approach to integration of frame, Prolog and graphics +%J Proc International Conference on Fifth Generation Computer Systems +%I ICOT +%P 643-651 +%K * + +%A Pake, G.E. +%D 1985 +%T Research at Xerox PARC: a founder's assessment +%J IEEE Spectrum +%V 22 +%N 10 +%P 54-61 +%O October + +%A Paliwal, K.K. +%A Espeland, O. +%D 1983 +%T Some considerations about the shape of the window filter in an adaptive gradient lattice algorithm +%R Report +%I Division of Telecommunications, University of Trondheim +%C Trondheim-NTH, Norway +%K * + +%A Papamichalis, P.E. +%D 1985 +%T Markov-Huffman coding of LPC parameters +%J IEEE Trans Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing +%C ASSP-33 +%N 2 +%P 451-453 +%O April + +%A Park, O.C. +%A Tennyson, R.D. +%D 1983 +%T Computer-based instructional systems for adaptive education: a review +%J Contemporary Education Review +%V 2 +%N 2 +%P 121-135 +%O Fall +%K * + +%A Parker-Rhodes, A.F. +%D 1978 +%T Inferential semantics +%I Harvester Press +%C Brighton, Sussex + +%A Patil, R.S. +%A Szolovits, P. +%A Schwartz, W.B. +%D 1981 +%T Causal understanding of patient illness in medical diagnosis +%J Proc 7th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 893-899 +%K * + +%A Patil, R.S. +%A Szolovits, P. +%A Schwartz, W.B. +%T Information acquisition in diagnosis +%J Proc International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 345-348 +%K * + +%A Patten, T. +%D 1986 +%T Interpreting systemic grammar as a computational representation: a problem solving approach to text generation +%R PhD Thesis +%I University of Edinburgh + +%A Paulus, E. +%D 1980 +%T The concept of the NN-error risk with respect to an arbitrary separating surface and its applications to clustering +%J Proc IEEE Conference +%K * + +%A Pavlidis, T. +%D 1981 +%T Contour filling in raster graphics +%J ACM Computer Graphics +%V 15 +%N 3 +%P 29-36 +%O August +%K * + +%A Pawlak, Z. +%D 1982 +%T Rough sets +%J Int J Computer and Information Systems +%V 11 +%N 5 +%P 341-356 +%K * + +%A Pawlak, Z. +%D 1985 +%T Rough sets and fuzzy sets +%J Fuzzy Sets and Systems +%P 99-103 +%K * + +%A Paxton, A.L +%A Turner, E.J. +%D 1984 +%T The application of human factors to the needs of the novice computer user +%J IJMMS +%V 20 +%N 2 +%P 137-156 +%O February + +%A Peano, G. +%D 1890 +%T Sur une courbe, qui remplit toute une aire plane +%J Math Annalen +%V 36 +%P 157-160 +%K * + +%A Pearl, J. +%D 1985 +%T Fusion, propagation, and structuring in Bayesian networks +%R Technical Report CSD-850022 R-42, Revision I +%I Cognitive Systems Laboratory, Computer Science Department, UCLA +%O June + +%A Pearl, J. +%D 1986 +%T Fusion, propagation, and structuring in belief networks +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 29 +%N 3 +%P 241-288 +%O September + +%A Peng, X.T. +%A Tu, X.C. +%A Wang, P.Z. +%D 1986 +%T Studies on parametric fuzzy controllers +%R Research Report +%K * + +%A Pereiro, L.M. +%A Nagr, R. +%D 1984 +%T Delta-Prolog: a distributed logic programming language +%R Submitted to Int Conference on 5th Generation Systems +%C Tokyo, Japan +%O November +%K * + +%A Perlman, G. +%D 1981 +%T Two papers in cognitive engineering: The design of an interface to a programming system, and MENUNIX: a menu-based interface to Unix (user manual) +%R Research Report 8105 +%I Center for Human Information Processing, University of California +%C San Diego, CA +%O November +%K * + +%A Perlman, G. +%D 1984 +%T Natural artificial languages: low-level processes +%J IJMMS +%V 20 +%N 4 +%P 373-419 +%O April + +%A Perry, T.S. +%A Wallich, P. +%D 1985 +%T Inside the PARC: the `information architects' +%J IEEE Spectrum +%V 22 +%N 10 +%P 62-75 +%O October + +%A Peters, A.M. +%D 1983 +%T The units of language acquisition +%I Cambridge University Press +%C Cambridge, England + +%A Phillips, J. +%D 1983 +%T Self-describing programming environments +%R PhD Thesis +%I Computer Science Department, Stanford University +%C Stanford, CA + +%A Pierce, J.R. +%D 1962 +%T Symbols, signals and noise +%I Hutchinson +%C London, England + +%A Pike, R. +%D 1983 +%T Graphics in overlapping bitmap layers +%J ACM Trans Graphics +%V 2 +%N 2 +%P 135-160 +%O April +%K * + +%A Poggio, A. +%A Garcia Luna Aceves, J.J. +%A Craighill, E.J. +%A Moran, D. +%A Aguilar, L. +%A Worthington, D. +%A Hight, J. +%D 1985 +%T CCWS: a computer-based, multimedia information system +%J IEEE Computer +%V 18 +%N 10 +%P 92-103 +%O October + +%A Poritz, A.B. +%D 1982 +%T Linear predictive hidden Markov models and the speech signal +%J Proc +%P 1291-1294 +%K * + +%A Post, E. +%D 1983 +%T Real programmers don't use Pascal +%J Datamation +%P 263-265 +%O July +%K * + +%A Postel, J.B. +%D 1980 +%T Internetwork protocol approaches +%J IEEE Trans Communications +%V COM-28 +%N 4 +%P 604-611 +%O April +%K * + +%A Potmesil, M. +%A Chakravarty, I. +%D 1983 +%T Modeling motion blur in computer-generated images +%J ACM Computer Graphics +%V 17 +%N 3 +%P 389-399 +%O July +%K * + +%A Poulton, A.S. +%D 1983 +%T Microcomputer speech synthesis and recognition +%I Sigma Technical Press +%C Wilmslow, Cheshire, UK + +%A Preucil, M. +%A Sebela, Z. +%D 1982 +%T Computer-assisted simulation of a coal-mine winding system +%J Proc 4th Formator Symposium on Mathematical Methods for the Analysis of Large-scale Systems +%C Prague +%P 391-404 +%O May 18-21 +%K * + +%A Prusinkiewicz, P. +%A Christopher, M. +%D 1984 +%T Hologram-like transmission of pictures +%R Technical Report CS-84-17 +%I Computer Science Department, University of Regina +%O November +%K * + +%A Purvy, R. +%A Farrell, J. +%A Klose, P. +%D 1983 +%T The design of Star's records processing: data processing for the noncomputer professional +%J ACM Trans Office Information Systems +%V 1 +%N 1 +%P 3-24 +%O January +%K * + +%A Quinlan, J.R. +%D 1983 +%T Inferno: a cautious approach to uncertain inference +%J Computer J +%V 26 +%N 3 +%P 255-269 + +%A Qureshi, S.U.H. +%D 1985 +%T Adaptive equalization +%J Proc IEEE +%V 73 +%N 9 +%P 1349-1387 +%O September + +%A Rabiner, L.R. +%A Crochiere, R.E. +%D 1975 +%T A novel implementation for narrow-band FIR digital filters +%J IEEE Trans Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing +%V ASSP-23 +%N 5 +%P 457-464 +%O October +%K * + +%A Radhakrishnan, T. +%A Grossner, C.P. +%D 1985 +%T Cuenet \(em a distributed computing facility +%J IEEE Micro +%P 42-52 +%O February +%K * + +%A Raeder, G. +%D 1985 +%T A survey of current graphical programming techniques +%J IEEE Computer +%V 18 +%N 8 +%P 11-25 + +%A Rashid, R.F. +%D 1980 +%T An interprocess communication facility for Unix +%R Technical Report +%I Computer Science Department, Carnegie-Mellon University +%O February + +%A Rashid, R.F. +%A Robertson, G.G. +%D 1981 +%T Accent: a communication oriented network operating system kernel +%J Proc Eighth Symposium on Operating System Principles +%P 64-75 +%C Pacific Grove, CA +%O December + +%A Rasmussen, J. +%D 1983 +%T Skills, rules, and knowledge; signals, signs, and symbols, and other distinctions in human performance models +%J IEEE Trans Systems, Man and Cybernetics +%V SMC-13 +%N 3 +%P 257-266 +%O May/June +%K * + +%A Rassbach, M.E. +%D 1980 +%T CLASSY: an adaptive clustering algorithm +%J Proc IEEE Conference +%P 442-444 +%K * + +%A Rawlings, C. +%A Fox, J. +%D 1983 +%T The UNIT package -- a critical appraisal of a frame-based knowledge representation system +%J Proc Expert Systems 83 +%I Churchill College +%C Cambridge, England +%P 15-29 +%O December +%K * + +%A Redell, D.D. +%A White, J.E. +%D 1983 +%T Interconnecting electronic mail systems +%J IEEE Computer +%V 16 +%N 9 +%P 55-63 +%O September +%K * + +%A Reeds, J.A. +%A Weinberger, P.J. +%D 1984 +%T File security and the UNIX system \fIcrypt\fP command +%J Bell System Technical J +%V 63 +%N 8, part 2 +%P 1673-1684 +%O October + +%A Reichardt, J. +%D 1971 +%T The computer in art +%I Studio Vista +%C London, England + +%A Reiter, R. +%D 1980 +%T A logic for default reasoning +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 13 +%P 81-132 +%K * + +%A Reynolds, J.K. +%A Postel, J.B. +%A Katz, A.R. +%A Finn, G.C. +%A DeSchon, A.L. +%D 1985 +%T The DARPA experimental multimedia mail system +%J IEEE Computer +%V 18 +%N 10 +%P 82-89 +%O October + +%A Rich, C. +%D 1982 +%T Knowledge representation languages and predicate calculus: how to have your cake and eat it too +%J Proc National Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 193-196 + +%A Rich, E. +%D 1984 +%T The gradual expansion of artificial intelligence +%J IEEE Computer +%V 17 +%N 5 +%P 4-12 +%O May + +%A Riesbeck, C.K. +%D 1975 +%T Conceptual analysis +%B Conceptual information processing +%E R.C.Schank +%I North Holland +%C Amsterdam + +%A Riesbeck, C.K. +%D 1981 +%T Failure-driven reminding for incremental learning +%J Proc IJCAI 81 +%P 115-120 +%K * + +%A Riesbeck, C.K. +%D 1982 +%T Realistic language comprehension +%E W.G. Lenhert and M.H. Ringle +%B Strategies for natural language processing +%I Lawrence Erlbaum Associates +%P 37-54 + +%A Riesbeck, C.K. +%D 1984 +%T Knowledge reorganization and reasoning style +%J IJMMS +%V 20 +%P 45-61 +%K * + +%A Rissanen, J. +%A Langdon, G.G. +%T Arithmetic coding +%J IBM J Research and Development +%D 1979 +%V 23 +%N 2 +%P 149-162 +%O March +%K * + +%A Rissanen, J. +%D 1984 +%T Complexity of strings in the class of Markov sources +%R Research Report +%I IBM Research Laboratory +%C San Jose, CA +%K * + +%A Rissanen, J. +%D 1986 +%T Stochastic complexity and sufficient statistics +%R Research Report + +%A Ritchie, D.M. +%D 1981 +%T On the security of UNIX +%R Programmers Manual for UNIX System III Volume II: Supplementary Documents +%I Western Electric Corporation + +%A Ritchie, G.D. +%A Hanna, F.K. +%D 1984 +%T AM: a case study in AI methodology +%J Artificial Intelligence +%V 23 +%P 249-268 +%K * + +%A Roberts, M.G. +%D 1982 +%T Local order estimating Markovian analysis for noiseless source coding and authorship identification +%R PhD Thesis +%I Stanford University + +%A Rogers, H. +%D 1943 +%T Paragraphs on printing +%I William E. Rudges +%C New York, NY +%O re-published by Dover Publications, New York, 1979 + +%A Rosenthal, D.S.H. +%D 1982 +%T Managing graphical resources +%J Computer Graphics +%V 16 +%N 4 +%P 38-45 +%O December +%K * + +%A Ross, P. +%A Jones, J. +%A Millington, M. +%D 1985 +%T User modelling in command-driven computer systems +%R DAI Research Paper No 264 +%I Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Edinburgh +%K * + +%A Rouse, S.H. +%A Rouse, W.B. +%D 1980 +%T Computer-based manuals for procedural information +%J IEEE Trans Systems, Man and Cybernetics +%V SMC-10 +%N 8 +%P 506-510 +%O August + +%A Rowe, N.C. +%D 1984 +%T Modelling degrees of item interest for a general database query system +%J IJMMS +%V 20 +%N 5 +%P 421-443 +%O May +%K * + +%A Runciman, C. +%A Thimbleby, H. +%D 1986 +%T Equal opportunity interactive systems +%R Report +%I Computer Science Department, University of York +%C York +%K * + +%A Rychener, M.D. +%D 1979 +%T A semantic network of production rules in a system for describing computer structures +%J Proc 6th Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 738-743 + +%A Ryman, R. +%A Singh, B. +%D 1982 +%T The Benesh notation computerized editor +%J Proc Dance in Canada Conference +%O June + +%A Sagan, H. +%D 1986 +%T Approximating polygons for Lebesgue's and Schoenberg's space filling curves +%J American Mathematical Monthly +%P 361-368 +%O May +%K * + +%A Sammut, C. +%A Banerji, R. +%D 1983 +%T Hierarchical memories: an aid to concept learning +%J Proc International Machine Learning Workshop +%P 74-80 +%I Allerton House +%C Monticello, IL +%O June 22-24 +%K * + +%A Sammut, C. +%A Banerji, R. +%D 1986 +%T Learning concepts by asking questions +%B Machine learning Volume 2 +%E R.S. 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+%J Proc International Electrical, Electronics Conference +%V 2 +%P 546-549 +%C Toronto, ON +%O September 26-28 +%K * + +%A Shaw, M.L.G +%A Gaines, B.R. +%D 1985 +%T Knowledge engineering tools for expert systems +%B Computer models for decision making +%E G.Mitra +%I North Holland +%C Amsterdam +%K * + +%A Shneiderman, B. +%D 1984 +%T Response time and display rate in human performance with computers +%J Computing Surveys +%V 16 +%N 3 +%P 265-285 +%O September + +%A Shneiderman, B. +%A Norman, K. +%A Rogers, J. +%A Arifin, R. +%A Weldon, L. +%D 1985 +%T A multi-screen programmer work station based on the IBM PC +%R Research Report +%I Computer Science Department, University of Maryland +%O April + +%A Shoch, J.F. +%A Hupp, J.A. +%D 1982 +%T The `worm' programs \(em early experience with a distributed computation +%J Comm ACM +%V 25 +%N 3 +%P 172-180 +%O March +%K * + +%A Shoemake, K. +%T Animating rotation with quaternion curves +%D 1985 +%J ACM +%V 19 +%N 3 +%O July +%K * + +%A Shortliffe, E.H. +%A Buchanan, B.G. +%D 1975 +%T A model of inexact reasoning in medicine +%J Mathematical Biosciences +%V 23 +%P 351-379 + +%A Shortliffe, E.H. +%D 1976 +%T Computer-based medical consultations: MYCIN +%I Elsevier Science +%C New York, NY +%K * + +%A Shortliffe, E.H. +%D 1980 +%T Consultation systems for physicians: the role of artificial intelligence techniques +%J Proc Canadian Society for Computational Studies of Intelligence +%I University of Victoria +%C Victoria, BC +%K * + +%A Shrager, J.C. +%T Invoking a beginner's aid process by recognizing DCL goals +%D 1981 +%R MSc Thesis +%I University of Pennsylvania + +%A Shrager, J.C. +%A Finin, T. +%D 1982 +%T An expert system that volunteers advice +%J Proc National Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 339-340 +%K * +%K * + +%A Shu, C.S. +%D 1985 +%T FORMAL: A forms-oriented visual-directed application development system +%J IEEE Computer +%V 18 +%N 8 +%P 38-49 + +%A Sierpinski, W. +%D 1912 +%T Sur une nouvelle courbe qui remplit toute une aire plaine +%J Bull Acad Sci Cracovie +%V Serie A +%P 462-478 +%K * + +%A Simons, G.L. +%D 1980 +%T Robots in industry +%I National Computing Centre +%C Manchester, England + +%A Simpson, R.J. +%A Terrell, T.J. +%D 1984 +%T Digital filtering using the NEC PD7720 signal processor +%J Microprocessing and Microprogramming +%V 14 +%P 67-78 +%K * + +%A Sleeman, D. +%D 1982 +%T Assessing aspects of competence in basic algebra +%B Intelligent Tutoring Systems +%E D. 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distributed computer systems +%J IEEE Trans Computers +%V C-33 +%N 12 +%P 1102-1115 +%O December +%K * + +%A Staunstrup, J. +%D 1982 +%T Message passing communication versus procedure call communication +%J Software -- Practice and Experience +%V 12 +%P 223-234 +%K * + +%A Stefik, M. +%D 1979 +%T An examination of a frame-structured representation system +%J Proc 6th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%P 265-270 +%K * + +%A Stefik, M. +%A Conway, L. +%D 1982 +%T Towards the principled engineering of knowledge +%J AI Magazine +%P 4-16 +%O Summer +%K * + +%A Stefik, M. +%A Bobrow, D.G. +%A Mittal, S. +%A Conway, L. +%D 1983 +%T Knowledge programming in LOOPS: report on an experimental course +%J AI Magazine +%P 3-13 +%O Fall +%K * + +%A Stefik, M.J. +%A Bobrow, D.G. +%A Kahn, K.M. +%D 1986 +%T Integrating access-oriented programming into a multiparadigm environment +%J IEEE Software +%P 10-18 +%O January +%K * + +%A Stefik, M.J. +%A Bobrow, D.G. +%D 1986 +%T 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+%O January +%K * + +%A Suchman, L.A. +%D 1982 +%T Toward a sociology of human-machine interaction: pragmatics of instruction-following +%R Working Paper +%I Xerox PARC, (Intelligent Systems Laboratory) +%C Palo Alto, CA + +%A Suchman, L.A. +%D 1982 +%T Human-machine interaction and the idea of a self-explanatory machine +%J Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Society +%C Washington, DC +%O December +%K * + +%A Suchman, L.A. +%D 1983 +%T The role of common sense in interface design +%B Office Automation: Jekyll or Hyde +%E D.Marschall and J.Gregory +%I Working Women Education Fund +%C Cleveland, OH +%P 96-102 + +%A Suchman, L.A. +%D 1983 +%T Office procedure as practical action: models of work and system design +%J ACM Trans Office Information Systems +%V 1 +%N 4 +%P 320-328 +%O October +%K * + +%A Suchman, L.A. +%D 1985 +%T Plans and situated actions: the problem of human-machine communication +%R PhD Thesis +%I Xerox PARC +%C Palo Alto, CA +%K * + +%A Sugeno, M. +%A Nishida, M. +%D 1984 +%T Fuzzy control of model car +%K * + +%A Summers, P.D. +%A Grossman, D.D. +%D 1984 +%T XPROBE: an experimental system for programming robots by example +%J Int J Robotics Research +%V 3 +%N 1 +%P 25-39 +%O Spring + +%A Sussman, G.J. +%D 1975 +%T A computer model of skill acquisition +%I American Elsevier +%C New York, NY + +%A Tannenbaum, A. +%T Political history of UNIX +%R Report +%I MASSCOMP +%C Westford, MA +%K * + +%A Tanner, W. +%D 1979 +%T Industrial robots -- Volume 1: Fundamentals +%I Society of Manufacturing Engineers +%C Dearborn, MI + +%A Tennant, H.R. +%A Ross, K.M. +%A Thompson, C.W. +%D 1983 +%T Usable natural language interfaces through menu-based natural language understanding +%J Proc ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 154-160 +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 +%K * + +%A Test, J.A. +%D 1982 +%T The NUnix window system +%R Internal Report +%I Laboratory for Computer Science, MIT +%C Cambridge, MA +%K * + +%A Thimbleby, H. +%D 1980 +%T Dialogue determination +%J IJMMS +%V 13 +%N 3 +%P 295-304 +%O October + +%A Thomsett, R. +%D 1980 +%T People and project management +%I Yourden Press +%C New York, NY + +%A Thompson, B.A. +%A Thompson, W.A. +%D 1985 +%T Inside an expert system +%J Byte +%P 315-330 +%O April +%K * + +%A Thompson, K. +%D 1984 +%T Reflections on trusting trust +%J Comm ACM +%V 27 +%N 8 +%P 761-763 +%O August + +%A Ting, D. +%A Prasada, B. +%D 1980 +%T Digital processing techniques for encoding of graphics +%J Proc IEEE +%V 68 +%N 7 +%P 757-769 +%O July + +%A Tokuda, H. +%A Manning, E.G. +%D 1983 +%T An interprocess communication model for a distributed software testbed +%J Proc ACM SIGCOMM 83 +%I University of Texas +%C Austin, TX +%O March +%K * + +%A Tokuda, H. +%A Radia, S.P. +%A Manning. E.G. +%D 1983 +%T Shoshin OS: a message-based operating system for a distributed software testbed +%J Proc 16th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences +%P 329-338 +%K * + +%A Tou, I.T. +%A Gonzalez, R.C. +%D 1974 +%T Pattern recognition principles +%I Addison-Wesley +%C Reading, MA + +%A Truin, P.G.M. +%D 1983 +%T The `speaking tablet' as an aid in the acquisition of reading skills by dyslexic children +%J IPO Annual Progress Report +%V 18 +%P 79-84 +%K * + +%A Tsichritzis, D.\0(Editor) +%D 1983 +%T Beta Gamma +%R Technical Report CSRG-150 +%I Computer Systems Research Group, University of Toronto +%C Toronto, ON + +%A Tsichritzis, D. +%D 1985 +%T Objectworld +%E D.Tsichritzis +%B Office automation +%I Springer-Verlag +%C Berlin +%P 379-398 + +%A Turkle, S. +%D 1982 +%T The subjective computer: a study in the psychology of personal computation +%J Social Studies of Science +%V 12 +%N 2 +%P 173-205 +%K * + +%A Tyree, A. +%D 1986 +%T Expert systems and the law +%J Current Affairs Bulletin +%P 13-18 +%P March +%K * + +%A Ulichney, R.A. +%A Troxel, D.E. +%D 1982 +%T Scaling binary images with the telescoping template +%J IEEE Trans Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence +%V PAMI-4 +%N 3 +%P 331-335 + +%A Umphress, D. +%A Williams, G. +%D 1985 +%T Identity verification through keyboard characteristics +%J IJMMS (submitted) +%K * + +%A Unger, B. +%A Birtwistle, G. +%A Cleary, J. +%A Hill, D. +%A Lomow, G. +%A Neal, R. +%A Peterson, M. +%A Witten, I.H. +%A Wyvill, B. +%D 1984 +%T Jade: a simulation and software prototyping environment +%J Proc Conference on Simulation in Strongly Typed Languages +%C San Diego, CA +%O February +%K KConference + +%A Unger, B.W. +%A Lomow, G.A. +%A Birtwistle, G.. +%D 1984 +%T Simulation software and Ada +%I Society for Computer Simulation +%K * + +%A University\|of\|Chicago\|Press +%D 1969 +%T A manual of style +%I University of Chicago + +%A Uribe, R.B. +%D 1981 +%T Modeling autopoiesis +%E M.Zeleny +%B Autopoiesis: a theory of living organization +%I North Holland +%C New York, NY +%P 51-62 + +%A Van\|Dijk, T.A. +%A Kintsch, W. +%D 1983 +%T Strategies of discourse comprehension +%I Academic Press +%C New York, NY + +%A Van\|Lehn, K. +%D 1983 +%T Felicity conditions for human skill acquisition: validating an AI-based theory +%R Research Report CIS-21 +%I Xerox PARC +%C Palo Alto, CA +%O November + +%A Varela, F.J. +%A Maturana, H.R. +%A Uribe, R.B. +%D 1974 +%T Autopoiesis: the organization of living systems, its characterization and a model +%J Biosystems +%V 5 +%P 187-196 + +%A Varela, F.J. +%D 1979 +%T Principles of biological autonomy +%I North Holland +%C New York, NY + +%A Varela, F.J. +%D 1981 +%T Describing the logic of the living +%E M.Zeleny +%B Autopoiesis: a theory of living organization +%I North Holland +%C New York, NY +%P 36-48 + +%A Wade, N. +%D 1985 +%T Literal pictures +%J Word and Image +%V 1 +%N 3 +%P 242-272 +%O July-September +%K * + +%A Wagner, R.A. +%A Fischer, M.J. +%D 1974 +%T The string-to-string correction problem +%J J ACM +%V 21 +%N 1 +%P 168-173 +%O January +%K * + +%A Wall, R.S. +%A Apon, A.W. +%A Beal, J. +%A Gately M.T. +%A Oren, L.G. +%D 1985 +%T An evaluation of commercial expert system building tools +%R Computer Science Laboratory Technical Report 85-30 +%I Texas Instruments +%C Dallas, TX +%O November +%K * + +%A Waltz, D.L. +%D 1975 +%T Natural language access to a large data base +%J Advance papers of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence +%I MIT +%C Cambridge, MA + +%A Waterman, D.A. +%D 1978 +%T A rule-based approach to knowledge acquisition for man-machine interface programs +%J IJMMS +%V 10 +%P 693-711 +%K * + +%A Waters, R.C. +%D 1985 +%T The programmer's apprentice: a session with KBEmacs +%J IEEE Trans Software Engineering +%V SE-11 +%N 11 +%P 1296-1320 +%O November +%K * + +%A Webber, B.L. +%A Nilsson, N.J. +%D 1981 +%T Readings in artificial intelligence +%I Tioga +%C Palo Alto, CA + +%A Weinreb, D. +%A Moon, D. +%D 1981 +%T LISP machine manual +%I Third edition +%O March + +%A Weizenbaum, J. +%D 1976 +%T Computer power and human reason +%I Freeman +%C San Francisco, CA + +%A Welch, T.A. +%D 1984 +%T A technique for high-performance data compression +%J IEEE Computer +%V 17 +%N 6 +%P 8-19 +%O June +%K * + +%A Weyer, S.A. +%D 1982 +%T Searching for information in a dynamic book +%R PhD Thesis +%I School of Education, Stanford University +%O (Also Report SCG-82-1, Xerox Parc) + +%A Whalen, T. +%A Mason, C. +%D 1981 +%T The use of tree-structured index which contains three types of design defects +%J Telidon Behavioural Research +%V 2 +%I Department of Communications +%O May + +%A Whalen, T. +%A Latremouille, S. +%D 1981 +%T The effectiveness of a tree-structured index when the existence of information is uncertain +%J Telidon Behavioural Research +%V 2 +%I Department of Communications +%O May + +%A Wijk, C.van +%A Kempen, G. +%D 1985 +%T From sentence structure to intonation contour +%E B.S.Muller +%T Sprachsynthese: zur Synthese von naturlich gesprochener Sprache aus Texten und Konzepten +%I Georg Olms Verlag +%C Hildesheim +%K * + +%A Wilensky, R. +%A Arens, Y. +%A Chin, D. +%D 1984 +%T Talking to Unix in English: an overview of UC +%J Comm ACM +%V 27 +%N 6 +%P 574-593 +%O June +%K * + +%A Wilkes, A.J. +%A Singer, D.W. +%A Gibbons, J.J. +%A King, T.R. +%A Robinson, P. +%A Wiseman, N.E. +%D 1984 +%T The Rainbow workstation +%J Computer J +%V 27 +%N 2 +%O May +%K * + +%A Wilkes, A.J. +%A Wiseman, N.E. +%D 1982 +%T A soft-edged character set and its derivation +%J Computer J +%V 25 +%N 1 +%P 140-147 +%O February +%K * + +%A Wilkinson, W. +%D 1980 +%T Viewdata: The Prestel System +%B Videotext: the coming revolution in home/office information retrieval +%E Sigel, E. +%I Harmony Books +%C New York, NY +%P 57-86 + +%A Wilks, Y. +%D 1977 +%T Good and bad arguments about semantic primitives +%R Research Report +%I Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Edinburgh +%O May +%K * + +%A Wilks, Y. +%D 1984 +%T Beliefs, points of view and multiple environments +%B Artificial and human intelligence +%E A.Elithorn and R.Banerji +%I Elsevier Science +%P 147-171 +%K * + +%A Willems, NJ +%D 1983 +%T STEP: A model of standard English intonation patterns +%J IPO Annual Progress Report +%V 18 +%P 37-42 +%K * + +%A Williams, G. +%D 1984 +%T The Apple Macintosh computer +%J Byte +%V 9 +%N 2 +%P 30-54 +%O February + +%A Winograd, T. +%D 1972 +%T Understanding natural language +%I Academic Press +%C New York, NY + +%A Winograd, T. +%D 1984 +%T Moving the semantic fulcrum +%R Report CSLI-84-18 +%I Center for the study of language and information, Stanford University +%C Stanford, CA +%O December +%K * + +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1983 +%T The Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary +%J Computer Science Association Newsletter +%V 11 +%N 1 +%P 15-23 +%O December +%K KArticle + +%A Witten, I.H. +%A Cleary, J.G. +%D 1986 +%T Foretelling the future by adaptive modeling +%J Abacus +%V 3 +%N 3 +%P 16-36 +%O Spring +%K KArticle + +%A Witten, I.H. +%A Fremont, D. +%D 1984 +%T A student information service for a University Computer Science department +%J Proc 15th Ontario Universities Computing Conference +%I Lakehead University +%C Thunder Bay, ON +%O June +%K KInvited + +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1985 +%T Elements of computer typography +%J IJMMS +%V 23 +%N 6 +%P 623-687 +%O December +%K KJournal + +%A Witten, I.H. +%A Bramwell, B. +%D 1985 +%T A system for interactive viewing of structured documents +%J Comm ACM +%V 28 +%N 3 +%P 280-288 +%O March +%K KJournal + +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1984 +%T Dynamic documents +%J Proc PROTEXT I -- First International Conference on Text Processing Systems +%I Boole Press +%C Dublin, Ireland +%P 234-239 +%O October +%K KConference + +%A Witten, I.H. +%A Greenberg, S. +%D 1985 +%T User interfaces for office systems +%B Oxford Surveys in Information Technology Volume 2 +%E P.I. Zorkoczy +%I Oxford University Press +%C Oxford, England +%P 69-104 +%K KJournal + +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1986 +%T Making computers talk \(em an introduction to speech synthesis +%I Prentice-Hall +%C Englewood Cliffs, NJ + +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1987 +%T Computer speech +%B The Encyclopaedia of Physical Science and Technology, Volume 3 +%E Robert A Meyers +%I Academic Press +%P 482-506 +%K KInvited + +%A Witten, I.H. +%A Bonham, M. +%A Bramwell, B. +%A Greenberg, S. +%D in preparation +%T Interacting with dynamic documents -- the new age of reading +%R proposal submitted to MIT Press + +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1985 +%T Selected topics in computer science I +%R Report +%I Institute of Information Processing, Graz, Austria +%O November +%K KReport + +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1986 +%T Modeling behaviour sequences: principles, practice, prospects +%J Proc International Conference on Future Advances in Computing +%C Christchurch, New Zealand +%O February 17-21 +%K KConference + +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1986 +%T In search of `autonomy' +%J Proc International Conference on Future Advances in Computing +%C Christchurch, New Zealand +%O February 17-21 +%K KConference + +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1986 +%T Expert systems +%J Man-Machine Studies +%V UC-DSE +%N 28 +%P 5-65 +%I University of Canterbury +%C Christchurch, New Zealand +%O May +%K KArticle + +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1987 +%T Thoughts on artificial intentionality +%J Man-Machine Studies +%V UC-DSE +%N 9 +%P 5-52 +%I University of Canterbury +%C Christchurch, New Zealand +%O January +%K KArticle + +%A Witten, I.H. +%A Neal, R. +%A Cleary, J.G. +%D 1987 +%T Arithmetic coding for data compression +%J Comm ACM +%V 30 +%N 6 +%P 520-540 +%O June; reprinted in \fIC Gazette\fP, December 1987 +%K KJournal + +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1987 +%T A course on `expert systems' for electrical engineering students +%J Proc ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education +%C St Louis, MO +%P 257-260 +%O February (published as SIGCSE Bulletin \fI19\fR(1)) +%K KConference + +%A Wong, S.K.M +%A Ziarko, W. +%A Ye, R. Li +%D 1985 +%T Comparison of rough-set and statistical methods in inductive learning +%R Technical Report CS-85-16 +%I Computer Science Department, University of Regina +%K * + +%A Wood, R.J. +%D 1982 +%T A window based display management system +%R Internal Report +%I University of Maryland + +%A Woods, W.A. +%D 1973 +%T Progress in natural language understanding -- an application to lunar geology +%J Proc National Computer Conference +%C Montvale, NJ +%I AFIPS Press + +%A Woolf, B. +%A McDonald, D.D. +%D 1983 +%T Human-computer discourse in the design of a Pascal tutor +%J Proc ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems +%P 230-234 +%C Boston, MA +%O December 12-15 +%K * + +%A Woolf, B. +%A McDonald, D.D. +%D 1984 +%T Building a computer tutor: design issues +%J IEEE Computer +%V 17 +%N 9 +%P 61-73 +%O September + +%A Wright, W.E. +%D 1977 +%T Gravitational clustering +%J Pattern Recognition +%V 9 +%P 151-166 +%K * + +%A Wu, X. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1985 +%T A fast \fIk-\fPmeans type clustering algorithm +%R Research Report 85/197/10 +%I Computer Science Department, University of Calgary +%O June + +%A Wupit, A. +%D 1983 +%T Comparison of UNIX networks +%J Proc ACM Conference on Personal and Small Computers +%C San Diego, CA +%P 99-108 +%O December + +%A Wyvill, B.L.M. +%D 1984 +%T Three computer science plays: \fISquanderella\fP, \fIDigital Alice\fP, and \fITwenty eighty-four\fP +%R Research Report +%I Computer Science Department, University of Calgary + +%A Wyvill, B.L.M. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1984 +%T Three computer science plays +%R Research Report 84/184/42 +%I Computer Science Department, University of Calgary +%O December +%K KReport + +%A Xerox\|Corp +%D 1984 +%T The role of electronic printing in the office of the future +%R Executive Presentation II +%K * + +%A Yankelovich, N. +%A Meyrowitz, N. +%A van Dam, A. +%D 1985 +%T Reading and writing the electronic book +%J IEEE Computer +%V 18 +%N 10 +%P 15-30 +%O October + +%A Yoeli, M. +%A Brzozowski, J.A. +%D 1984 +%T A mathematical model of digital CMOS networks +%R Research Report CS-84-22 +%I Computer Science Department, University of Waterloo +%O August +%K * + +%A Young, J.Z. +%D 1978 +%T Programs of the brain +%I Oxford University Press +%C Oxford, England + +%A Zaniolo, C. +%D 1984 +%T Object-oriented programming in Prolog +%J Proc International Symposium on Logic Programming +%C Atlantic City, NJ +%P 265-270 +%O February 6-9 +%K * + +%A Zeleny, M. +%D 1977 +%T Self-organization of living systems: a formal model of autopoiesis +%J Int J General Systems +%V 4 +%N 1 +%P 13-28 + +%A Zeleny, M. +%D 1978 +%T Apl-autopoiesis: experiments in self-organization of complexity +%B Progress in cybernetics and systems research III +%E R.Trappl, G.J.Klir and L.Ricciardi +%P 65-84 +%I Hemisphere +%C Washington, DC + +%A Zeleny, M.\0(Editor) +%D 1981 +%T Autopoiesis: a theory of living organization +%I North Holland +%C New York, NY + +%A Zeleny, M. +%D 1981 +%T What is autopoiesis? +%E M.Zeleny +%B Autopoiesis: a theory of living organization +%I North Holland +%C New York, NY +%P 4-17 + +%A Zimmermann, H. +%D 1980 +%T OSI reference model \(em the ISO model of architecture for open systems interconnection +%J IEEE Trans Communications +%P 425-432 +%O April + +%A Zisman, M.M. +%D 1977 +%T Representation, specification, and automation of office procedures +%R PhD Dissertation +%I Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania + +%A Zissos, A.Y. +%A Witten, I.H. +%D 1985 +%T User modelling for a computer coach: a case study +%J IJMMS +%V 23 +%N 6 +%P 729-750 +%O December +%K KJournal + +%A Ziv, J. +%A Lempel, A. +%D 1977 +%T A universal algorithm for sequential data compression +%J IEEE Trans Information Theory +%V IT-23 +%N 3 +%P 337-343 +%O May +%K * + +%A Ziv, J. +%A Lempel, A. +%D 1978 +%T Compression of individual sequences via variable-rate coding +%J IEEE Trans Information Theory +%V IT-24 +%P 530-536 +%O September +%K *