Lae/app/Http/Middleware/ValidateUserIfBanned.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;

use Closure;
use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
use Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Http\Response;

class ValidateUserIfBanned
{
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  Request  $request
     * @param  Closure  $next
     * @return Response|RedirectResponse|JsonResponse
     */
    public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response|RedirectResponse|JsonResponse
    {
        $user = $request->user();
        if ($user) {
            if ($user->banned_at !== null) {
                return redirect()->route('banned');
            }
        }

        return $next($request);
    }
}